{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T09:05:09Z","timestamp":1780909509888,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with chronic kidney disease often exhibit impaired brain function; however, the differences between those with non\u2010diabetic kidney disease (non\u2010DKD) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate alterations in resting\u2010state brain activity in patients with non\u2010DKD and DKD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty non\u2010DKD patients, thirty DKD patients, and twenty\u2010nine healthy controls underwent laboratory examinations and resting\u2010state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs\u2010fMRI). The brain activity was analyzed using the amplitude of low\u2010frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and seed\u2010based functional connectivity (FC), and correlations between laboratory indicators and FC were examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both non\u2010DKD and DKD groups exhibited reduced ALFF in several brain regions, including the bilateral putamen, alongside elevated ALFF in the left middle occipital gyrus. Seed\u2010based FC analysis revealed decreased connectivity between bilateral putamen and several regions, including decreased FC between the left putamen and left caudate. Compared with the non\u2010DKD group, the DKD group demonstrated reduced ALFF in the left putamen and right precuneus, along with decreased FC between the right putamen and right thalamus. Several biomarkers, including urinary protein\u2010to\u2010creatinine ratio (UPCR), C\u2010reactive protein (CRP), and hemoglobin (HGB), were associated with observed FC alterations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings indicate that DKD patients exhibit distinct patterns of brain activity compared to non\u2010DKD patients, with the putamen potentially acting as a key neural target in the progression of CKD. These functional alterations correlate closely with systemic status, suggesting a significant role in the pathogenesis of neural impairment. Our results may enhance the understanding of neural functional alterations and the underlying mechanisms in non\u2010DKD and DKD patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T06:58:16Z","timestamp":1776322696000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Altered Regional Brain Activity and Functional Connectivity Between Non\u2010Diabetic and Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Resting\u2010State fMRI Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xiwen","family":"Lei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology The PLA Naval Medical University Shanghai Changhai Hospital  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiyan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Science Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology The PLA Naval Medical University Shanghai Changhai Hospital  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangjie","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Huashan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuyun","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation Ministry of Education  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Huashan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4224-2342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0601-3403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianguang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Science Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology Huashan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.73138"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474\u20104422(20)30277\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.6893"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194\u2010024\u201001792\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682\u2010017\u20109808\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12030189"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18553\/jmcp.2020.26.12.1506"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","volume-title":"StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing","author":"Ghandili M.","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2023.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.16182"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25369"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22\u20101998"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2023.10.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974\u2010024\u201003136\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db21\u20100600"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.796383"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5527"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2018.12.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143\u2010021\u201001566\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ackd.2011.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13040628"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70151"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JCMA.0000000000000175"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.0000000000000185"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678\u00d7221134384"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2022.6817"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.887713"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfab185"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23876\/j.krcp.24.146"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.70106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2021.118466"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2008.04.012"}],"container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.71368","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/brb3.71368","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.71368","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T08:27:48Z","timestamp":1780907268000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/brb3.71368"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/brb3.71368"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/brb3.71368","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2162-3279","2162-3279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-3279","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-3279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71368"}}