{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T09:49:27Z","timestamp":1791625767619,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons, leading to muscle atrophy, weakness, and respiratory failure. Numerous studies evaluated the impact of diseases on dream content, and the dream content analysis may be considered an interesting tool in the study of the internalization of the consequences of significant life changes. The study of ALS patients\u2019 dream content has been mostly neglected in the literature. This study investigated the dream content in a population affected by ALS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated all consecutive outpatients referred to our ALS Centre using a weekly diary of dreams. Dream contents were coded according to the Hall and Van de Castle coding system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty\u2010eight patients completed the study. We collected 127 dreams (females 39.4%) (males 60.6%). Males showed a reduced presence of friends, anatomical elements, aggression, friendship, and sexuality. Instead, we found an increased presence of family members, situations in which the dreamer initiates aggressive action and familiar settings. In the female sample, we found a decreased presence of friends, aggressive and friendly elements, sex\u2010related content, and misfortune, while an increase in animal content.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results demonstrate that dream content in ALS patients differs from that of healthy subjects, and we noticed some gender differences among ALS patients. The dream content can offer insights into ALS patients\u2019 mental state and may improve clinicians\u2019 ability to support their patients during their therapeutic course.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71387","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T09:51:30Z","timestamp":1778579490000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u201cSilent Echoes of the Day: Dream Content Analysis in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis\u201d"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Bombaci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Unit IRCSS Policlinico San Donato San Donato Milanese Italy"},{"name":"Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Turin ALS Centre, \u201cRita Levi Montalcini\u201d Department of Neuroscience University of Torino  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6394-6210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandra","family":"Giordano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Centre, \u201cRita Levi Montalcini\u201d Department of Neuroscience University of Torino  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Lavalle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Centre, \u201cRita Levi Montalcini\u201d Department of Neuroscience University of Torino  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Magnino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Centre, \u201cRita Levi Montalcini\u201d Department of Neuroscience University of Torino  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Calvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turin ALS Centre, \u201cRita Levi Montalcini\u201d Department of Neuroscience University of Torino  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriano","family":"Chi\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turin ALS Centre, \u201cRita Levi Montalcini\u201d Department of Neuroscience University of Torino  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Cicolin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turin ALS Centre, \u201cRita Levi Montalcini\u201d Department of Neuroscience University of Torino  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FPSYG.2021.655884"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/HEA0000182"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/BMJOPEN\u20102021\u2010054607"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0738\u20103991(95)00791\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706QP063OA"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(99)00210-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/A0021232"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/SLEEP\/32.9.1201"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/BRAINSCI10080505"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525x00354024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ACN3.52028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/64PK\u2010QTX2\u2010KE9P\u2010XH5P"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033\u20103182(83)73214\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11588\/ijodr.2010.2.514"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/IJERPH19031653"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-0298-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009464416649"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","volume-title":"The Scientific Study of Dreams: Neural Networks, Cognitive Development, and Content Analysis","author":"Domhoff G. 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