{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T20:46:27Z","timestamp":1782938787172,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004621","name":"Kerman University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["403000067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["403000067"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Essential tremor (ET) is a prevalent movement disorder characterized by tremors and other motor and nonmotor symptoms which can significantly impact daily activities and quality of life. Current therapeutic options are limited in both efficacy and tolerability. Korean red Ginseng (\n                      <jats:italic>Panax<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) has demonstrated neuroprotective properties in various neurological conditions, but its potential benefits in ET remain unexplored.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      ET was induced in male Swiss mice (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 32) using Harmaline hydrochloride (10\u00a0mg\/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]) administered on Days 1, 3, and 5. Korean red Ginseng (100\u00a0mg\/kg) was given orally for 7 consecutive days. Motor function, anxiety\u2010like behaviors, and cognitive performance were assessed through behavioral testing. Gene expression analysis of Pro\u2010inflammatory mediators(TNF\u2010\u03b1, NF\u2010\u03baB, IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20106) and neuroplasticity markers (Lingo\u20101, NMDA) were performed in cerebellar tissue through RT\u2010qPCR.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Korean red Ginseng significantly attenuated Harmaline\u2010induced tremor severity and improved motor coordination on the rotarod test. Treatment also ameliorated anxiety\u2010like behaviors and fear\u2010associated memory deficits in Harmaline\u2010treated mice. At the molecular level, Korean red Ginseng suppressed Harmaline\u2010induced elevations in pro\u2010inflammatory markers (TNF\u2010\u03b1, NF\u2010\u03baB, IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20106) and normalized the expression of Lingo\u20101 and NMDA receptor genes in the cerebellum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Korean red Ginseng ameliorated both motor and nonmotor symptoms in an animal model of ET potentially through modulation of neuroinflammatory and neuroplasticity pathways. These findings suggest that Korean red Ginseng may represent a promising therapeutic option for ET management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T20:11:16Z","timestamp":1782418276000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Korean Red Ginseng Attenuates Dysfunctions and Modulates Inflammatory and Neuroplasticity Markers in the Harmaline\u2010Induced Model of Essential Tremor"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Monavareh","family":"Soti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehran","family":"Ilaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Bagherzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Shahsavari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristi A.","family":"Kohlmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeynab","family":"Pirmoradi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2082-5849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Shabani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2024.08.005"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"Essential Tremor Is Not Only a Movement Disorder; Its Relationship With Sleep and Anxiety","volume":"56","author":"Acar B. 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