{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T12:54:39Z","timestamp":1791291279981,"version":"4.3.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective studies of the risk of headache with low levels of physical activity are limited. Pandemic\u2010related lifestyle changes and the potential headache risk associated with Coronavirus Disease (COVID\u201019) and SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 vaccination may complicate this association. Our study aims to investigate the potential risk of new bothersome headache in relation to physical activity and explore the impact of COVID\u201019 and SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 vaccines on this association.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective cohort study utilized questionnaires from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa).\u00a0Logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for new\u2010onset headache according to physical activity levels. Models were adjusted for gender, age, body mass index, education level, smoking, alcohol intake, anxiety\/depression, and COVID\u201019 and SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 vaccination prior to February 2022.\u00a0The potential impact of COVID\u201019 disease was investigated in a stratified analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both low level of physical activity and inactivity were significantly associated with new bothersome headache when compared to moderate to high activity levels (low activity: aOR 1.22, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.30; inactive: aOR 1.26, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.51). The corresponding adjusted absolute risk differences were 1.9% (95% CI 1.2 to 2.6) and 2.3% (95% CI 0.4 to 4.3), respectively. Findings persisted across COVID\u201019 status strata, without significant interactions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings underscore the potential role of physical activity in mitigating new bothersome headache also for headache associated with COVID\u201019. Encouraging regular physical activity may serve as a preventive measure for headache in a pandemic setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T04:26:48Z","timestamp":1783398408000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Association of Headache and Physical Activity in Times of the COVID\u201019 Pandemic: A Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6360-2825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne\u2010Mari Torgersen","family":"Dalgeir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy Haukeland University Hospital  Bergen Norway"},{"name":"NorHead, Norwegian Centre for Headache Research Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2591-8435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ida Henriette","family":"Caspersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Fertility and Health Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5525-0267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edoardo","family":"Caronna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache Unit, Neurology Department Vall D'hebron University Hospital  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Headache Research Group, Departament de Medicina, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6427-4735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Per","family":"Magnus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Fertility and Health Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9557-5725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lill","family":"Trogstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Method Development and Analysis Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5745-1094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marte\u2010Helene","family":"Bj\u00f8rk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NorHead, Norwegian Centre for Headache Research Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen  Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital  Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.719467"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877251321118"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-018-0902-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.800605"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-019-00550-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.70437"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024221131337"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00393-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","unstructured":"Den norske regjeringen Hoo.2023.Tidslinje: Myndighetenes H\u00e5ndtering av Koronasituasjonen. 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