{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T22:09:23Z","timestamp":1790633363815,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Yazidi community endured an unprecedented genocide by the Islamic State (ISIS) in August 2014, resulting in mass killings, kinocide, abductions, ongoing disappearances, and sexual enslavement. The intense trauma led to high prevalence rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and profound sleep disturbances. This comprehensive article integrates epidemiological data, neurobiological mechanisms, and clinical case reports to elucidate sleep disorders among Yazidi survivors. We detail the historical context, transgenerational trauma, specific sleep\u2010related pathologies (insomnia, nightmares, parasomnias, and disrupted circadian rhythms), neurobiological underpinnings, cultural factors, and evidence\u2010based interventions (e.g., Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET); Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT\u2010I)). Furthermore, we discuss the establishment and role of the Institute for Psychotherapy and Psychotraumatology (IPP) at the University of Duhok, outline barriers to care, and propose future research directions and policy recommendations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T04:41:50Z","timestamp":1781671310000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Sleep Disturbances Among Yazidi Survivors of the ISIS Genocide: Epidemiology, Neuropsychology, and Culturally Sensitive Interventions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2925-101X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan Ilhan","family":"Kizilhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute For Transcultural Health Science Cooperative State University  Stuttgart Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Psychotherapy and Psychotraumatology University of Duhok  Duhok Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1988-2646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zelal","family":"Ag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute For Transcultural Health Science Cooperative State University  Stuttgart Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qanta A.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Associate Professor of Medicine (Clinical) NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine  Mineola New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8817-6590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alon Y.","family":"Avidan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Sleep Medicine UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","first-page":"32","article-title":"Training Iraqi Psychotherapists: Curriculum Development and Implementation at the University of Duhok","volume":"11","author":"Adorjan K.","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Mental Health Systems"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","unstructured":"Ahmed Q. 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