{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T12:54:48Z","timestamp":1791291288807,"version":"4.3.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Post\u2010traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often co\u2010occurs with anxiety and social interaction difficulties, particularly in females. This study examined the effects of voluntary and involuntary exercise, combined with sertraline, on PTSD\u2010like symptoms, anxiety, and social behavior in female rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PTSD\u2010like symptoms were induced using the Single Prolonged Stress (SPS) model, which involved sequential exposure to restraint stress (2 h), forced swimming (20 min), and ether anesthesia (2\u20133 min), followed by a 7\u2010day incubation period. A 10\u2010min restraint was then applied as an additional stress event. Afterward, the rats underwent voluntary wheel running or treadmill exercise (5 days per week), with or without sertraline treatment (10 mg\/kg\/day) for 4 weeks. Behavioral assessments were conducted using the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) and the Three\u2010Chamber Social Test (3\u2010CST). One day after behavioral testing, estrous cycles were evaluated using vaginal smears, followed by corticosterone analysis in blood samples the next day.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Involuntary exercise and sertraline significantly reduced anxiety\u2010like behavior, with involuntary exercise showing a stronger effect than voluntary exercise. Involuntary exercise also improved sociability and social novelty, while sertraline enhanced social novelty. Notably, sertraline reduced corticosterone levels, with the greatest effect observed when combined with involuntary exercise.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that combining involuntary exercise with pharmacological treatment may provide synergistic benefits for alleviating anxiety\u2010like behaviors and stress responses in a PTSD\u2010like rat model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71528","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T06:35:50Z","timestamp":1784874950000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Exercise Type and Sertraline on Anxiety and Social Behavior in a Female Rat Model of PTSD"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2234-2960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarieh","family":"Ebrahimiasl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences Azad University, Central Tehran Branch  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5945-7393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farzam Sheikhzadeh","family":"Hesari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Tabriz  Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5790-8878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Khansari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch Azad University  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4565-8626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Afshin","family":"Dana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Tabriz  Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9386-1878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khadijeh Imani","family":"Minaabad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Tabriz  Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40738-020-00074-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-022-02027-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.138.9.5395"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13651501.2012.667114"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2021.113343"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2020.40"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.14.1837"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471142301.nsa04is48"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2005.04.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_11_1","volume-title":"Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals","author":"Council N. 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