{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T12:55:37Z","timestamp":1791291337137,"version":"4.3.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The medial olivocochlear (MOC) reflex enhances the signal\u2010to\u2010noise ratio (SNR) in the cochlea and is implicated in auditory scene analysis. Although musicians often exhibit robust MOC function, it remains unclear whether related auditory advantages stem from innate predisposition or training\u2010induced plasticity. This study investigated the relationship between individual variations in MOC reflex function, musical perception, and speech\u2010in\u2010noise (SIN) performance in nonmusicians.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty\u2010eight normal\u2010hearing nonmusicians were divided into two groups on the basis of the magnitude of their MOC reflex strength, quantified via contralateral suppression of transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (cTEOAEs) measured separately in each ear. Participants with suppression values above the sample median were assigned to the high MOC function group, whereas those with values below the median comprised the low MOC function group. All participants underwent pure\u2010tone and high\u2010frequency audiometry, auditory efferent system evaluation, speech\u2010in\u2010noise (SIN) testing at 0 and \u221210\u00a0dB SNRs, and musical perception assessment using the Montreal Battery for Evaluation of Amusia (MBEA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The group with stronger MOC reflex activity demonstrated significantly better performance on MBEA scale and memory subtests and superior SIN perception at 0\u00a0dB SNR. Hierarchical regression confirmed MOC strength as a significant predictor of SIN performance at \u221210\u00a0dB SNR. Mediation analysis revealed that musical perception abilities partially mediated the relationship between MOC function and SIN performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Variations in MOC reflex function among nonmusicians constitute a foundational biological trait that shapes auditory perception, supporting both musical abilities and speech\u2010in\u2010noise processing in the absence of formal musical training.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T09:38:50Z","timestamp":1784021930000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Medial Olivocochlear Reflex Strength Predicts Musical Perception and Speech\u2010in\u2010Noise Performance in Nonmusicians"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2192-7185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0130rem","family":"Sendesen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Audiology Gazi University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4656-099X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suna Tokg\u00f6z","family":"Y\u0131lmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Audiology Department Faculty of Health Science Ankara University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/audiolres13010007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0000000000000376"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000531107"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","first-page":"493","article-title":"Uses and Abuses of Hearing Loss Classification","volume":"23","author":"Clark J. G.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Asha: a Journal of the American Speech\u2010Language\u2010Hearing Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aud.0000240507.83072.e7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2346830"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","volume-title":"Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression\u2010Based Approach","author":"Hayes A. 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