{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:39:31Z","timestamp":1791869971668,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spiritual practices such as Qur'anic recitation are commonly associated with psychological and physiological regulation; however, their salivary biomarker correlates remain insufficiently understood. This exploratory study examined whether different modes of Qur'anic recitation were associated with changes in salivary cAMP response element\u2010binding protein (CREB), a biomarker related to plasticity\u2010associated pathways, and cortisol, a marker of hypothalamic\u2010pituitary\u2010adrenal axis activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The sample comprised three nonrandomized, criterion\u2010defined conditions: Passive Control (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 20; participants unable to read Qur'anic Arabic), Sight\u2010Reading (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 30), and Memorized Recitation (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 30). Saliva samples were collected immediately before and after the experimental task or passive rest period. Salivary CREB and cortisol concentrations were quantified using ELISA. Post\u2010task CREB levels were analyzed using ANCOVA with baseline CREB as a covariate. Cortisol responses were analyzed using change scores, Welch's ANOVA, and an additional robust factorial model with HC3 heteroscedasticity\u2010consistent standard errors to evaluate exploratory Condition \u00d7 Gender patterns.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After controlling for baseline CREB levels, experimental condition had a significant effect on post\u2010task salivary CREB,\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      (2, 76) = 8.16,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001,\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.18. Memorized recitation showed higher adjusted post\u2010task CREB levels than both sight\u2010reading and passive control conditions. Cortisol change scores also differed significantly across conditions, Welch's\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      (2, 40.02) = 30.76,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001. Both active recitation conditions were associated with cortisol reduction relative to passive rest, with no significant difference between sight\u2010reading and memorized recitation. Although descriptive data suggested a possible gender\u2010related divergence in the memorized recitation condition, the Condition \u00d7 Gender interaction did not remain statistically significant under robust estimation and was therefore interpreted as exploratory.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These preliminary findings suggest that Qur'anic recitation modes are associated with distinct salivary biomarker patterns. Memorized recitation was linked to higher adjusted salivary CREB levels, whereas both active recitation modes were associated with cortisol attenuation relative to passive rest. Because the present design did not include active non\u2010Qur'anic vocalization or neutral reading control conditions, the specificity of these effects to Qur'anic content cannot be determined. Future studies should include active control conditions and larger gender\u2010stratified samples to clarify the mechanisms underlying these biomarker responses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T06:56:18Z","timestamp":1786949778000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Recitation Mode Is Associated With Salivary CREB and Cortisol Responses during Qur'anic Recitation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"S\u00fcheyb","family":"Okur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Theology Department of Psychology of Religion Bayburt University  Bayburt T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuf","family":"Topyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Theology Department of Basic Islamic Sciences Bayburt University  Bayburt T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00fclent","family":"Bayraktar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Bayburt University  Bayburt T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18517\/ijaseit.1.4.77"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","first-page":"48","article-title":"Evaluating the Effect of Quran Memorizing on the Event\u2010Related Potential Features by Using Graphs Created From the Neural Gas Networks","volume":"12","author":"Akbari H.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Signals and Sensors"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0964\u20103397(02)00118\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2024.1347614"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/ijph.2022.1604998"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.17335\/sakaifd.309794","article-title":"Kur'an\u2010\u0131 Kerim'i Literal Okuman\u0131n De\u011feri","volume":"19","author":"Da\u011fdeviren A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sakarya \u00dcniversitesi \u0130lahiyat Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi (SAUIFD)"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqad149"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1234\u201024.2024"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"The Effects of Neurotherapy (NFT) Using Ayatul Kursi as Stimulus on Memory Performance","volume":"2","author":"Fauzan N.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Islamic, Social, Economics and Development"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/texcom\/tgac009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c150015"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17223690"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10253890.2022.2155046"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","volume-title":"Principles of Neural Science","author":"Kandel E. R.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e12308"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","first-page":"52","article-title":"The Effect of the Recitation of Holy Quran on Mental Health in Nursing Students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences","volume":"3","author":"Kazemi M.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Zihinsel Ve Fiziksel Bir S\u00fcre\u00e7 Olarak Okuma","volume":"31","author":"Kuruday\u0131o\u011flu M.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gazi E\u011fitim Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","first-page":"355","article-title":"Haf\u0131zl\u0131k ve Beyin","volume":"17","author":"Kutlu N.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Celal Bayar \u00dcniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00142"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/1618\u20103169\/a000484"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18502\/ijps.v20i2.18206"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2021.584560"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415\u2010024\u201001217\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13121610"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology14101382"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.1751"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2023.108548"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15640\/jisc.v3n1a8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","volume-title":"The Art of Reciting the Qur'an","author":"Nelson K.","year":"2001"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","first-page":"76","article-title":"The Effectiveness of Antidepressant Combined With Quranic CBT in Reducing Anxiety Level of Moslem Outpatient With Anxiety Disorder in Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital in Semarang","volume":"15","author":"Novembrina M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Jurnal Profesi Medika"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.69980\/ajpr.v28i2.329"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12868\u2010026\u201000998\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s44202\u2010026\u201000658\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71063"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10943\u2010023\u201001967\u20105"},{"issue":"13","key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","first-page":"655","article-title":"Qur'an Recitation Produce Potential Prevention, Protection and Cure of Psychological Disease","volume":"9","author":"Rahman Z. A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/jas.2011.1113.1120"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3329\/bjms.v18i3.41648"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050312117740990"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","volume-title":"Learning Theories: an Educational Perspective","author":"Schunk D. H.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205018666210218152253"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.21.1.127"},{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.7827\/TurkishStudies.13996","article-title":"Maneviyat \u00d6l\u00e7e\u011fi'nin Geli\u015ftirilmesi: Ge\u00e7erlik Ve G\u00fcvenirlik \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131","volume":"13","author":"\u015eirin T.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Turkish Studies"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4377-0324-5.00015-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suteja Putra P. R.Gumilar S. R.Kusuma H.Purnomo andC.Basumerda.2018. \u201cThe Effect of Quran Murottal's Audio on Short Term Memory.\u201dMATEC Web of Conferences154:01060.","DOI":"10.1051\/matecconf\/201815401060"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci15040400"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24198\/jnc.v4i1.26652"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2011.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24098119"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15333175231214833"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2025.1633295"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.57023"}],"container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.71674","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/brb3.71674","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.71674","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T13:05:08Z","timestamp":1789045508000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/brb3.71674"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/brb3.71674"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/brb3.71674","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2162-3279","2162-3279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-3279","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-3279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71674"}}