{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T07:44:14Z","timestamp":1792395854768,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788048000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold>\n                    : The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of hypobaric hypoxia (simulated altitude of 3600 m) on regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cognitive function, and to explore the regulatory role of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Forty\u2010three healthy Han Chinese males (18\u201345 years) were enrolled at the Chinese PLA General Hospital (June 2024\u2013December 2025). During 24\u2010h hypobaric hypoxia exposure via a specialized hypobaric chamber, participants were randomly assigned to tVNS (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 23) or non\u2010tVNS (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 20) groups. A non\u2010exposure cohort (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 18) was included to correct for cognitive learning effects. Arterial spin labeling quantified CBF in the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral artery territories and hippocampus at baseline, exposure, and post\u2010exposure; the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status assessed cognitive function at the same time points.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Hypoxia\u2010induced compensatory CBF increases across all examined regions in the control group (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). In the tVNS group, CBF modulation was region\u2010specific: frontotemporal CBF was higher at exposure than post\u2010exposure and higher at post\u2010exposure than baseline; occipital and hippocampal CBF were higher at exposure than at both other time points, with no difference between post\u2010exposure and baseline. Only temporal lobe CBF was significantly higher in the tVNS group than the control group (76.22 \u00b1 7.49\u00a0vs. 70.88 \u00b1 8.93,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.039). Hypoxia impaired visuospatial ability, language, and attention and delayed memory (all\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05), but tVNS did not ameliorate these deficits.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Simulated 3600 m hypobaric hypoxia induces compensatory regional CBF elevations. tVNS selectively increases temporal lobe perfusion but does not ameliorate cognitive impairment, warranting optimized studies to clarify its neuroprotective role.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T06:21:16Z","timestamp":1788157276000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Cerebral Perfusion and Cognitive Function Under Simulated High\u2010Altitude Hypobaric Hypoxia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xiaojun","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinhao","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuheng","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing 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