{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T15:08:38Z","timestamp":1777907318085,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,4]],"date-time":"2017-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81301199"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81301199"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81230035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81230035"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81071220"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81071220"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Understanding the neural basis underlying major depressive disorder (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDD<\/jats:styled-content>) is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of this mental disorder. Aberrant activation and functional connectivity of the default mode network (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMN<\/jats:styled-content>) have been consistently found in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDD<\/jats:styled-content>. It is not known whether effective connectivity within the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMN<\/jats:styled-content> is altered in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objects<\/jats:title><jats:p>The primary object of this study is to investigate the effective connectivity within the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMN<\/jats:styled-content> during resting state in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDD<\/jats:styled-content> patients before and after eight weeks of antidepressant treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We defined four regions of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMN<\/jats:styled-content> (medial frontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, left parietal cortex, and right parietal cortex) for each participant using a group independent component analysis. The coupling parameters reflecting the causal interactions among the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMN<\/jats:styled-content> regions were estimated using spectral dynamic causal modeling (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DCM<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010seven <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDD<\/jats:styled-content> patients and 27 healthy controls were included in the statistical analysis. Our results showed declined influences from the left parietal cortex to other <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMN<\/jats:styled-content> regions in the pre\u2010treatment patients as compared with healthy controls. After eight weeks of treatment, the influence from the right parietal cortex to the posterior cingulate cortex significantly decreased.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings suggest that the reduced excitatory causal influence of the left parietal cortex is the key alteration of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMN<\/jats:styled-content> in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDD<\/jats:styled-content>, and the disrupted causal influences that parietal cortex exerts on the posterior cingulate cortex is responsive to antidepressant treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.732","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,5]],"date-time":"2017-06-05T04:47:25Z","timestamp":1496638045000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Abnormal resting state effective connectivity within the default mode network in major depressive disorder: A spectral dynamic causal modeling study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Liang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baojuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuanhan","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenlei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huaning","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hoi\u2010Chung","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Stony Brook University  Stony Brook NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linchuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Long\u2010Biao","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4181-7239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongbing","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingrong","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12360"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"Association A. 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