{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:47:27Z","timestamp":1785890847450,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,20]],"date-time":"2017-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1505865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007059","name":"Northwestern University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007059","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007249","name":"University of Minnesota","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007249","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007241","name":"Kaiser Foundation Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007241","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007880","name":"Johns Hopkins University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007880","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>Several findings suggest that testosterone (T) is neuroprotective and that declining T levels during aging are associated with cognitive and brain pathologies; however, little is known on T and brain health in middle\u2010age. We examined the relationships of total T, bioavailable T, and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG<\/jats:styled-content>) levels with total and regional gray matter (GM<\/jats:styled-content>) and white matter (WM<\/jats:styled-content>) volumes in middle\u2010aged men. We also evaluated the association of sex hormone levels with cognitive function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Analysis included 267 community\u2010dwelling men participating in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA<\/jats:styled-content>) brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI<\/jats:styled-content>) substudy. Total T, bioavailable T, and SHBG<\/jats:styled-content> levels were measured at three times from the 2nd<\/jats:sup> to 4th<\/jats:sup> decade of life; brain volumes were measured at the ages of 42\u201356. Associations were estimated using linear regression models, adjusted for several potential confounders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Higher SHBG<\/jats:styled-content> levels were associated with greater total WM<\/jats:styled-content> volume (+3.15\u00a0cm3<\/jats:sup> [95% confidence interval [CI<\/jats:styled-content>]\u00a0=\u00a00.01, 6.28] per one standard deviation higher SHBG<\/jats:styled-content>). Higher SHBG<\/jats:styled-content> levels were associated with lower total and regional GM<\/jats:styled-content> volumes overall and significantly with smaller parietal GM<\/jats:styled-content> volume (\u22120.96\u00a0cm3<\/jats:sup> [95%CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22121.71, \u22120.21]). T levels were not related to brain volumes. Neither T nor SHBG<\/jats:styled-content> levels were associated with cognitive function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Results suggest a role for SHBG<\/jats:styled-content> in structural brain outcomes in men and emphasize the value of investigating SHBG<\/jats:styled-content> levels as modulators of sex hormone and metabolic pathways regulating brain and behavioral characteristics in men.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,20]],"date-time":"2017-09-20T10:06:35Z","timestamp":1505901995000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Sex hormones and brain volumes in a longitudinal study of middle\u2010aged men in the CARDIA<\/scp> study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5035-0370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martine","family":"Elbejjani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science National Institute on Aging Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela J.","family":"Schreiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Community Health University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David S.","family":"Siscovick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University of Washington Seattle WA USA"},{"name":"The New York Academy of Medicine New York, NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Sidney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California Oakland CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cora E.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Preventive Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, AL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick R.","family":"Bryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Pennsylvania Health System Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lenore J.","family":"Launer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science National Institute on Aging Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2004.02002.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e3283398ee2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2010.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0888"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21052"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-211-72369-2_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1909"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1093351"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp123"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2013.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2014.02.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(88)90080-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2014.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2007.05.008"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"1041","article-title":"Serum androgen concentrations in young men: a longitudinal analysis of associations with age, obesity, and race. 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