{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T03:33:30Z","timestamp":1784691210942,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,10]],"date-time":"2018-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Impulse control disorders (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICD<\/jats:styled-content>s) are common among patients with Parkinson's disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>). Risk factors identified for developing<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICD<\/jats:styled-content>s include young age, family history, and impulsive personality traits. However, the association of these potentially disabling disorders with nondopaminergic drugs and sleep disorders has been understudied. Our objective was to examine the association between<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICD<\/jats:styled-content>s and nondopaminergic medications and sleep disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted an observational study of 53 patients with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>from the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICD<\/jats:styled-content>s were diagnosed using the Questionnaire for Impulsive\u2013Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QUIP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RS<\/jats:styled-content>). Patients underwent polysomnography screening to diagnose the presence of sleep disorders. We documented the presence of dopaminergic and nondopaminergic medications, including monoamine oxidase type B inhibitors (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAOBI<\/jats:styled-content>s), antidepressants, sleep inductors, and antipsychotics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICD<\/jats:styled-content>s were reported in 18.9% of the patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a010), and sleep disorders were diagnosed in 81.1% of patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a043). 32.1% of the patients were on antidepressants, 17% on<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAOBI<\/jats:styled-content>s, 15.1% on sleep inductors, and 1.9% on antipsychotics. We observed that<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QUIP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RS<\/jats:styled-content>A\u2013D subscore depended on the presence of antidepressants (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.03) and sleep inductors (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.02). Sleep disorders were not associated with the total<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QUIP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RS<\/jats:styled-content>score (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.93) or<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QUIP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RS<\/jats:styled-content>A\u2013D subscore (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.81).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antidepressants and sleep inductors were significant predictors for individual<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QUIP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RS<\/jats:styled-content>items and subscores. Our results suggest that nondopaminergic drugs commonly used for<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>may be associated with impulse control disorders. We did not identify a relationship between<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICD<\/jats:styled-content>s and polysomnography\u2010confirmed sleep disorders in patients with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>. Larger and longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,10]],"date-time":"2018-02-10T05:08:46Z","timestamp":1518239326000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Impulse control disorders in Parkinson's: Sleep disorders and nondopaminergic associations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5297-3611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Carbunaru","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration University of Florida Gainesville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert S.","family":"Eisinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration University of Florida Gainesville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adolfo","family":"Ramirez\u2010Zamora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration University of Florida Gainesville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana","family":"Bassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration University of Florida Gainesville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amin","family":"Cervantes\u2010Arriaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Neurolog\u00eda y Neurocirug\u00eda Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico Mexico City M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayela","family":"Rodriguez\u2010Violante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Neurolog\u00eda y Neurocirug\u00eda Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico Mexico City M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8003-0610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Martinez\u2010Ramirez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration University of Florida Gainesville FL USA"},{"name":"Tecnologico de Monterrey Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud Monterrey Nuevo Leon M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2015.06.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrl.2016.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1097\/wnf.0b013e31803d357f","article-title":"An open\u2010label trial of escitalopram in the treatment of pathological gambling","volume":"30","author":"Black D. 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