{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T05:56:42Z","timestamp":1773986202009,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,12]],"date-time":"2018-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1520812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003186","name":"Fredrik och Ingrid Thurings Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003186","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009612","name":"Landstinget V\u00e4stmanland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009612","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000942","name":"Brain Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000942","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006636","name":"Forskningsr\u00e5det om H\u00e4lsa, Arbetsliv och V\u00e4lf\u00e4rd","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant\/Award Number: 2015\u201000897"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant\/Award Number: 2015\u201000897"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006636","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007435","name":"\u00c5ke Wiberg Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant\/Award Number: M15\u20100239"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant\/Award Number: M15\u20100239"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007435","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aims of this study were to investigate the long\u2010term stability of problematic gaming among adolescents and whether problematic gaming at wave 1 (W1) was associated with problem gambling at wave 2 (W2), three years later.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SALV<\/jats:styled-content>e cohort, including adolescents in V\u00e4stmanland born in 1997 and 1999, were accessed and analyzed in two waves W2, <jats:italic>N\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>1576; 914 (58%) girls). At W1, the adolescents were 13 and 15\u00a0years old, and at W2, they were 16 and 18\u00a0years old. Adolescents self\u2010rated on the Gaming Addiction Identification Test (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GAIT<\/jats:styled-content>), Problem Gambling Severity Index (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PGSI<\/jats:styled-content>), and gambling frequencies. Stability of gaming was determined using Gamma correlation, Spearman's rho, and McNemar. Logistic regression analysis and general linear model (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLM<\/jats:styled-content>) analysis were performed and adjusted for sex, age, and ethnicity, frequency of gambling activities and gaming time at W1, with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PGSI<\/jats:styled-content> as the dependent variable, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GAIT<\/jats:styled-content> as the independent variable, to investigate associations between problematic gaming and problem gambling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Problematic gaming was relative stable over time, \u03b3\u00a0=\u00a00.739, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\u2264<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.001, \u03c1\u00a0=\u00a00.555, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\u2264<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.001, and McNemar <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\u2264<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.001. Furthermore, problematic gaming at W1 increased the probability of having problem gambling three years later, logistic regression <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.886 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.125\u20133.161), <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.016, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLM <\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a010.588, \u03b7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a00.007, <jats:italic>p\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.001.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Problematic gaming seems to be relatively stable over time. Although associations between problematic gaming and later problem gambling were found, the low explained variance indicates that problematic gaming in an unlikely predictor for problem gambling within this sample.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.949","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,12]],"date-time":"2018-03-12T09:02:46Z","timestamp":1520845366000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["A longitudinal study of the individual\u2010 and group\u2010level problematic gaming and associations with problem gambling among Swedish adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7787-2956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Vadlin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Research Uppsala University V\u00e4stmanland County Hospital  V\u00e4ster\u00e5s Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"\u00c5slund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Research Uppsala University V\u00e4stmanland County Hospital  V\u00e4ster\u00e5s Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kent W.","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Research Uppsala University V\u00e4stmanland County Hospital  V\u00e4ster\u00e5s Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.309.6957.780"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-016-9627-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-009-9138-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14459790902755001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-2706"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"The Canadian problem gambling index","author":"Ferris J.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","unstructured":"Folkh\u00e4lsomyndigheten. (2010).Spel om pengar och spelproblem i Sverige 2008\/2009 \u2010 Huvudresultat fr\u00e5n SWELOGS befolkningsstudie[Gambling and gambling problem in Sweden 2008\/2009. Main Results from SWELOG population study]."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-014-9450-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-014-9532-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2015.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-1353"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S109285290001511X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00952990.2010.491884"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.96.3.644-646"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/glre.2015.1995"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"Adolescent gambling on the Internet: A review","volume":"22","author":"Griffiths M. D.","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-014-9511-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2012.0062"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-011-9271-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-015-0383-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2011.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/JBA.1.2012.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-011-9318-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-011-2550-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371305800503"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15213260802669458"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/16066359.2014.987759"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10601333.2014.962748"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/1864-1105\/a000093"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12662"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sjop.12196"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sjop.12250"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2010.03104.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"An international perspective on youth gambling prevalence studies","volume":"22","author":"Volberg R. A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","unstructured":"Volberg R. A. Hedberg E. C. &Moore T. L.(2008).Oregon youth and their parents: Gambling and problem gambling prevalence and attitudes. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/1880\/49247"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J029v14n01_05"}],"container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fbrb3.949","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.949","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T16:17:35Z","timestamp":1695572255000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/brb3.949"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,12]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/brb3.949"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/brb3.949","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2162-3279","2162-3279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-3279","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-3279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,12]]},"article-number":"e00949"}}