{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T21:18:15Z","timestamp":1769116695545,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]],"date-time":"2013-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behavioral Sci &amp; The Law"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The diagnosis and evaluation of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is reviewed from the perspective of meta\u2010analyses of neuropsychological outcome, showing full recovery from a single, uncomplicated mTBI by 90 days post\u2010trauma. Persons with history of complicated mTBI characterized by day\u2010of\u2010injury computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities, and those who have suffered prior mTBIs may or may not show evidence of complete recovery similar to that experienced by persons suffering a single, uncomplicated mTBI. Persistent post\u2010concussion syndrome (PCS) is considered as a somatoform presentation, influenced by the non\u2010specificity of PCS symptoms which commonly occur in non\u2010TBI samples and co\u2010vary as a function of general life stress, and psychological factors including symptom expectation, depression and anxiety. A model is presented for forensic evaluation of the individual mTBI case, which involves open\u2010ended interview, followed by structured interview, record review, and detailed neuropsychological testing. Differential diagnosis includes consideration of other neurologic and psychiatric disorders, symptom expectation, diagnosis threat, developmental disorders, and malingering. 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