{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T03:52:56Z","timestamp":1788407576037,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]],"date-time":"2020-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Behavioral Sci &amp; The Law"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs) \u2013 and specifically those with genetic disorders \u2013 are more prone to medical and psychological challenges that affect their sexual development, experiences, and fertility. In this review paper we first provide an overview of the biopsychosocial (BPS) model and then explain how the model can guide and improve the assessment and treatment of challenging sexual behaviors by persons with IDs. We discuss two genetic conditions \u2013 fragile X syndrome and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome \u2013 in case studies, showing how the BPS model can be used to assess and treat the sexual problems of individuals with various types of ID. We conclude with BPS\u2010formulated treatment considerations in three key domains: biomedical treatment (e.g., medication side effects; stopping or changing medications), psychological treatment (e.g., providing psychological therapies), and socio\u2010environmental interventions (e.g., providing socio\u2010sexual education and staff training). Together, these treatment interventions can aid clinicians to prevent and\/or treat problematic sexual behaviors of people with IDs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bsl.2447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]],"date-time":"2020-02-04T14:52:03Z","timestamp":1580827923000},"page":"152-172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Sex and genes, part 2: A biopsychosocial approach to assess and treat challenging sexual behavior in persons with intellectual disabilities including fragile X syndrome and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Nancy","family":"Miodrag","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Development California State University Northridge  Northridge CA U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah A.","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Paul","family":"Fedoroff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Forensic Psychiatry Ottawa University  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shelley L.","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Laurentian University  Sudbury Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"485","article-title":"The aberrant behavior checklist: A behavior rating scale for the assessment of treatment effects","volume":"89","author":"Aman M. 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