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A randomized between\u2010subjects experiment using contrastive vignettes was conducted with members of the general public (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 897). Overall, as hypothesized, aspects of essentialist thinking, particularly informativeness, continuity, immutability, and discreteness, toward both biosocial risk factors and types of offending behavior generally predicted more severe punishments surrounding retribution, incapacitation, and deterrence. Yet, surprisingly, several of the same beliefs, specifically toward discreteness and informativeness, also predicted non\u2010punitive sentiments toward restoration and decreased prison time in some contexts. This work demonstrates that essentialist thinking not only may affect how the public cognitively categorizes biosocial risk factors for criminality and types of offending, but also may have consequences for public support for the punishment of offenders with particular offense records or characteristics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bsl.2476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]],"date-time":"2020-08-05T03:35:13Z","timestamp":1596598513000},"page":"355-380","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The effects of essentialist thinking toward biosocial risk factors for criminality and types of offending on lay punishment support"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Colleen M.","family":"Berryessa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers University, School of Criminal Justice  Newark NJ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"91","article-title":"Impact of behavioral genetic evidence on the adjudication of criminal behavior","volume":"42","author":"Appelbaum P. 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