{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:33:18Z","timestamp":1786977198223,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]],"date-time":"2021-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Behavioral Sci &amp; The Law"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) experience a range of neurodevelopmental challenges, often compounded by social and environmental adversity. One of the most concerning outcomes that can be associated with FASD is involvement in the justice system, where individuals with FASD are vastly over\u2010represented. Individuals with FASD who are both justice\u2010involved and Indigenous experience added layers of marginalization. In this community\u2010based study, we explored the needs of 16 adults who participated in an FASD\u2010informed restorative justice program in an Indigenous community in Alberta, Canada. Clinical record reviews and client interviews were used to gather information. Diverse needs were identified, including pervasive neurodevelopmental difficulties, notable physical and mental health challenges, complex experiences of psychosocial trauma, and varied criminogenic needs. This study increases our understanding of the unique and complex biopsychosocial and criminogenic needs of Indigenous justice\u2010involved adults with FASD. Such an understanding is a first step in developing tailored interventions for individuals with FASD and has important practice and policy implications for supporting positive outcomes. For Indigenous individuals with FASD, intervention efforts should be integrated within the community context to promote collective healing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bsl.2554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]],"date-time":"2021-12-13T22:36:53Z","timestamp":1639435013000},"page":"129-143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Understanding the needs of justice\u2010involved adults with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in an Indigenous community"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Katherine","family":"Flannigan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Educational Psychology University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Canada Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Research Network  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Tremblay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Educational Psychology University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Potts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yellowhead Tribal Community Corrections Society  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monty","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Educational Psychology University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Brintnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"O\u2019Riordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yellowhead Tribal Community Corrections Society  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Educational Psychology University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Canada Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Research Network  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"Alexis restorative justice model: An evaluation","author":"Allen B.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"The level of service inventory \u2013 Revised: User manual","author":"Andrews D.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-9125.1990.tb01330.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic guide for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: The 4\u2010digit diagnostic code","author":"Astley S.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1363461513503380"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2018.12.005"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in the criminal justice system: A review","volume":"3","author":"Brown J.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Law Enforcement"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3138\/cjccj.2018-0029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.1040302"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.141593"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","first-page":"241","article-title":"The development of early onset, chronic, and versatile offending: The role of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and mediating factors","volume":"8","author":"Corrado R. 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