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Racial representation remains controversial. Frequently death row inmates are intellectually limited and academically deficient. Histories of significant neurological insult are common, as are developmental histories of trauma, family disruption, and substance abuse. Rates of psychological disorder among death row inmates are high, with conditions of confinement appearing to precipitate or aggravate these disorders. Contrary to expectation, the extant research indicates that the majority of death row inmates do not exhibit violence in prison even in more open institutional settings. These findings have implications for forensic mental health sentencing evaluations, competent attorney representation, provision of mental health services, racial disparity in death sentences, death row security and confinement policies, and moral culpability considerations. Future research directions on death row populations are suggested. Copyright \u00a9 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bsl.473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T23:24:15Z","timestamp":1030317855000},"page":"191-210","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Death row inmate characteristics, adjustment, and confinement: a critical review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Mark D.","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark P.","family":"Vigen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Violence and the Family: Report of the American Psychological Association Presidential Task Force on Violence and the Family","author":"American Psychological Association","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1143133"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Equal Justice and the Death Penalty: A Legal and Empirical Analysis","author":"Baldus DC","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"1375","article-title":"Some distribution patterns for the Georgia death sentence","volume":"18","author":"Barnett A","year":"1985","journal-title":"University of California, Davis Law Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Survey of State Prison Inmates, 1991","author":"Beck A","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Death sentences in New Jersey, 1907\u20131960","volume":"19","author":"Bedau HA","year":"1964","journal-title":"Rutgers Law Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"The Death Penalty in America","author":"Bedau HA","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.9.1641"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.119.5.393"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1143144"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"Bureau of Justice Statistics U.S. Department of Justice.2000 February 1.Homicide Trends in the U.S.: Trends by Race.http:\/\/www.ojp.usdoj.gov\/bjs\/homicide\/race.htm[20 September 2000]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0798(199824)16:1<71::AID-BSL294>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854899026001002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854899026003002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"Death Penalty Information Center.1998 June.The Death Penalty in Black and White Who Lives Who Dies Who Decides. 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