{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T23:14:30Z","timestamp":1768346070868,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016528","name":"Hansj\u00f6rg Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016528","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aiche.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering &amp;amp; Transla Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Periodontitis induced by chronic subgingival infection is a ubiquitous disease that causes systemic inflammatory consequences and poses a negative impact on quality of life. The disease is treated and potentially prevented by patient's self\u2010care aimed at eliminating the oral pathogens from the region. Currently available products for interdental self\u2010care, including dental floss and interdental brush, have limited ability to prevent the disease. Here, we report a coated dental floss thread, termed \u201cnanofloss,\u201d which uses polyphenol\u2010based nanocoating to functionalize the floss thread with therapeutic agents. Multiple therapeutics can be integrated into the nanofloss including antibacterial small molecules and proteins. Flossing with nanofloss\u2010delivered therapeutic agents to the challenging subgingival region with long\u2010term retention even against the flushing action of the oral fluid in vivo. Our in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that chlorhexidine gluconate\u2010loaded nanofloss effectively treats the subgingival infection by <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>. Collectively, the nanofloss offers a promising and easily usable tool for targeted self\u2010care of subgingival infection against periodontitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/btm2.10452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T02:58:17Z","timestamp":1671591497000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Engineering of bioactive nanocomplexes on dental floss for targeted gingival therapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2875-2111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mayuka","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Wyss Institute of biologically Inspired Engineering  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nao","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Wyss Institute of biologically Inspired Engineering  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junling","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Wyss Institute of biologically Inspired Engineering  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2459-8305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samir","family":"Mitragotri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Wyss Institute of biologically Inspired Engineering  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2015.140520"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"Wactawski\u2010WendeSETAJ.Chapter 55 \u2010 Relationship between periodontal disease tooth loss and osteoporosis.2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12436"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2007.01133.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.13.4.547"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-018-0089-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","article-title":"Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling periodontal diseases and dental caries","volume":"4","author":"Worthington HV","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12363"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12765"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-5037.2008.00336.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.06.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.10.008"},{"issue":"79","key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","first-page":"190","article-title":"Maintenance therapy for teeth and implants","volume":"2019","author":"Mombelli A","year":"2000","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2016.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2008.01245.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202003492"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201311136"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TB00383F"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201807804"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.07.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2019.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10717544.2014.935531"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2014008117"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001126"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","first-page":"9(1):e12280","article-title":"Efficacy of an unwaxed dental floss impregnated with 2% chlorhexidine on control of supragingival biofilm: a randomized, clinical trial","author":"Muniz F","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Investig Clin Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.12112"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2021.120855"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12487"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2018.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201405905"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.781378"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2012.01.009"}],"container-title":["Bioengineering &amp; 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