{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T02:37:54Z","timestamp":1789699074513,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aiche.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering &amp; Transla Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The development of bioprosthetic ovaries using advanced biofabrication and 3D bioprinting technologies has achieved significant attention in recent years. This work begins with an analysis of ovarian anatomy and physiology, emphasizing the critical structural and functional components that must be replicated for an effective engineered in vitro model. It further outlines the principles and capabilities of 3D bioprinting, with a focus on the customization of printing modalities and bioinks to closely mimic native ovarian tissue. Given the ovary's dual functions in gametogenesis and endocrine signaling, attention is given to how engineered constructs can be designed to restore hormonal homeostasis through the precise spatial arrangement and biological activity of embedded cells. Finally, the technical challenges and ethical considerations associated with translating bioprinted ovarian tissues into clinical applications are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/btm2.70088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T11:24:43Z","timestamp":1762946683000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Engineering ovarian tissue via biofabrication and\n                    <scp>3D<\/scp>\n                    bioprinting: Challenges and emerging perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Chieh En","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Surgery Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Mazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department School of Medicine and Surgery Milano\u2010Bicocca University  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giordano","family":"Perini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Rome Italy"},{"name":"3D Bioprinting Facility Department of Woman, Child and Public Health Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCSS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Minopoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Rome Italy"},{"name":"3D Bioprinting Facility Department of Woman, Child and Public Health Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCSS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Ferrara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3D Bioprinting Facility Department of Woman, Child and Public Health Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCSS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Perfili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Artemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Augello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3D Bioprinting Facility Department of Woman, Child and Public Health Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCSS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6358-9647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Palmieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Complex Systems Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Marchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3D Bioprinting Facility Department of Woman, Child and Public Health Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCSS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaella","family":"Ergasti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3D Bioprinting Facility Department of Woman, Child and Public Health Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCSS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Nero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3D Bioprinting Facility Department of Woman, Child and Public Health Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCSS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"De Spirito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Rome Italy"},{"name":"3D Bioprinting Facility Department of Woman, Child and Public Health Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCSS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0029-1309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Papi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Rome Italy"},{"name":"3D Bioprinting Facility Department of Woman, Child and Public Health Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCSS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-023-01924-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15051625"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30699\/jogcr.10.5.351"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15030711"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-020-05608-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043205"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2021.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181a11c64"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13697137.2021.1893686"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17511"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina55080415"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvae073"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2018.12.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-024-09783-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17452759.2024.2423838"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00383"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2053-1583\/ab6a5d"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11233713"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","first-page":"775","article-title":"Morphological rearrangement of the cortical region, in aging ovaries","volume":"34","author":"D\u00edaz\u2010Hern\u00e1ndez V","year":"2018","journal-title":"Histol Histopathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.11.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092360406"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.20522"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","volume-title":"Anatomy of the Human Body","author":"Gray H","year":"1878"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-47912-7.00008-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2020.151475"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2023.121672"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","volume-title":"Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility","author":"Speroff L","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-091906-5.00001-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.1.00529"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2022.106195"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","first-page":"81","volume-title":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Current Emerging Concepts","author":"Gill S","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-92589-5_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138602"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02765.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-52210-4_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","unstructured":"ReedBG CarrBR.The normal menstrual cycle and the control of ovulation.2015Book from MDText.com Inc. South Dartmouth (MA) 05 Aug.25905282."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-52210-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(89)90163-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40824-023-00460-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2024.0003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym12081717"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0215985"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2020.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13036-021-00273-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17452759.2024.2384662"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2025.101551"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajps.2019.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmats.2022.925321"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2024.112853"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13697137.2021.1921726"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.13863"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","first-page":"117","volume-title":"Extrus Bioprinting of Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications","author":"Chen DXB","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/ab7553"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bprint.2021.e00157"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36922\/ijb.2135"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202300213"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-605X\/ac96ba"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00776"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19396368.2021.1968542"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-018-0971-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-020-01784-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-1246-0_9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2019.04.092"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dez077"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40204-021-00163-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-022-02579-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-018-1180-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bprint.2017.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma12172701"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-017-1816-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2009.06.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_73_1","article-title":"A method for ovarian follicle encapsulation and culture in a proteolytically degradable 3 dimensional system","volume":"15","author":"Shikanov A","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/det093"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-017-1091-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12779"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_77_1","first-page":"49","article-title":"Applicability of hyaluronic acid\u2010alginate hydrogel and ovarian cells for in vitro development of mouse preantral follicles","volume":"22","author":"Jamalzaei P","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell J"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-10-29"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-022-01019-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dex374"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaz008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dey080"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-6041\/11\/5\/055006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.598026"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biot.201000340"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms15261"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18063\/ijb.v8i3.597"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202200434"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfab153"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-010-9468-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-37640-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2015.01.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2014.11.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_94_1","volume-title":"3D Bioprinting: Fundamentals, Principles and Applications","author":"Ozbolat IT","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2015.10.076"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10544-011-9623-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2012.11.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01851-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-019-02334-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18063\/ijb.v6i3.272"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781394204878.ch7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20417314211027677"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmac025"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-019-02149-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_106_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"3D printing and 3D bioprinting technology in medicine: ethical and legal issues","volume":"174","author":"Rizzo ML","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Ter"}],"container-title":["Bioengineering &amp; Translational Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aiche.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/btm2.70088","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aiche.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/btm2.70088","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aiche.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/btm2.70088","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T08:47:43Z","timestamp":1774687663000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aiche.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/btm2.70088"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"references-count":105,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/btm2.70088"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/btm2.70088","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2380-6761","2380-6761"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2380-6761","type":"print"},{"value":"2380-6761","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70088"}}