{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T16:03:32Z","timestamp":1789488212633,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008510","name":"University of Maryland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008510","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aiche.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering &amp;amp; Transla Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cervical cancer is a leading cause of death in women in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries (LMICs) and disproportionately affects women of minority populations in the United States, primarily due to a lack of infrastructural support for specialized care. A promising treatment that meets accessibility requirements is ethyl cellulose (EC)\u2010ethanol ablation\u2014inducing necrotic cell death through application of ethanol to kill precancerous cells. While previous work focused on injecting EC\u2010ethanol to ablate high\u2010grade dysplasia (which can reach depths up to 5\u2009mm below the tissue surface), low\u2010grade dysplasia requires a different delivery method as it is much more superficial (reaching depths of only 1\u20133\u2009mm). Here, we have developed a topical gel for local ethanol ablation of low\u2010grade dysplasia with minimal damage to healthy cervical tissue. We investigated several gellants, including methyl cellulose (MC), EC, and Pluronic\u00ae F\u2010127, to develop an ethanol gel that meets parameters for low cost and topical ease of use. Formulations with F\u2010127 did not form gels with ethanol. Formulations with EC and MC were gel\u2010forming. The MC\u2010based formulations formed more uniform and stable gels that hold their own weight while still being spreadable at both room and body temperatures, key criteria for local cervical application. The optimal formulation contained 70% ethanol, 20% water, and 10% MC. One gram of this formulation represents approximately 5\u00a2 material cost, and formulated gels were stable for at least 1\u2009week when stored at 4, 22, 30, and 37\u00b0C. Additionally, the MC gel achieved localized ablation within 5\u2009min after application to cervical cancer cells in vitro. Taken together, we have developed a low\u2010cost, efficacious, MC\u2010based ethanol gel fit for translational testing to treat low\u2010grade cervical dysplasia. This gel may provide a novel treatment option for women in LMICs, without causing major side effects or loss of healthy cervical tissue.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/btm2.70113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T09:26:06Z","timestamp":1768987566000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Development of a novel methyl cellulose hydrogel with physiologically relevant controlled ethanol release for cervical dysplasia ablation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2160-990X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashleigh M.","family":"Jankowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland  College Park Maryland 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