{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T07:23:29Z","timestamp":1787210609036,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001171","name":"Cancer Institute NSW","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024\/ECF1573"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024\/ECF1573"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aiche.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering &amp;amp; Transla Med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>DNA and RNA methylation are key epigenetic and epitranscriptomic modifications involved in gene regulation, genome stability, RNA metabolism, and disease progression. Aberrant methylation patterns in cell\u2010free DNA and RNA have emerged as valuable biomarkers for cancer detection, disease monitoring, and therapeutic stratification. However, conventional methods such as bisulfite sequencing, methylation\u2010specific PCR, MeRIP\u2010seq, SCARLET, and LC\u2013MS\/MS often require harsh processing, high sample input, complex instrumentation, or lack site\u2010specific resolution, limiting their clinical and point\u2010of\u2010care applications. CRISPR\u2010based diagnostics provide a promising alternative by combining programmable nucleic acid recognition with collateral cleavage\u2010mediated signal amplification. This review summarizes recent CRISPR strategies for detecting DNA and RNA methylation, including chemical conversion\u2010assisted assays, restriction enzyme\u2010mediated detection, direct amplification\u2010free sensing based on methylation\u2010modulated Cas activity, detection of oxidized cytosine derivatives, reverse transcription\u2010mediated Cas12 detection of m6A, and structure\u2010sensitive Cas13 sensing. We highlight how methylation\u2010dependent sequence conversion, enzyme accessibility, polymerase behavior, and nucleic acid structure can be translated into CRISPR\u2010readable signals. Finally, we discuss current translational challenges and emerging opportunities in point\u2010of\u2010care methylation diagnostics, integrated DNA\u2013RNA profiling, engineered Cas effectors, AI\u2010guided assay design, and CRISPR\u2010compatible methylome analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/btm2.70174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T06:26:12Z","timestamp":1787207172000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>CRISPR<\/scp>\n                    technologies for detecting\n                    <scp>DNA<\/scp>\n                    and\n                    <scp>RNA<\/scp>\n                    methylation: Mechanisms, platforms, and translational opportunities"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Kaixin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Australian Centre for NanoMedicine University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8887-5535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Biyao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Australian Centre for NanoMedicine University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8557-2072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Sang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Australian Centre for NanoMedicine University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9512-9664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenjie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4589-0599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tingxiu","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Mechanism and Intervention of Cancer Metastasis, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital Chongqing University  Chongqing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5606-0278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Australian Centre for NanoMedicine University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Patho\u2010Epigenetics of Infectious Disease","author":"Minarovits J","year":"2015"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.11218","article-title":"DNA methylation, its mediators and genome integrity","volume":"11","author":"Meng H","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Biol 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