{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T03:04:44Z","timestamp":1789787084827,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763337600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aiche.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biotechnology Progress"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Measurement and imaging of intra\u2010matrix protein therapeutics diffusion is important due to the emergence of injectable biologics currently in various stages of research and clinical testing. These therapeutics are developed for delivery to hyaluronic acid (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    )\u2010rich anatomical sites such as subcutaneous tissue, the vitreous humor, and knee joints, depending on the target tissue. Understanding their diffusion behavior is essential for optimizing drug delivery strategies. Our work presents an image analysis method suited for tracking\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IgG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    diffusion in low viscosity\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    matrices representative of the vitreous humor, where diffusion occurs more rapidly unlike a previously reported analysis method for higher viscosity matrices where protein diffusion is significantly slower. The current method utilizes scanner images at 6.3\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    resolution, and an algorithm that removes background and calculates protein mass and concentration measured directly within matrices formulated to represent\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    in an intravitreal environment. We report and demonstrate a robust method for predicting protein diffusion coefficient from images of label\u2010free protein diffusing in a low viscosity\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    matrix.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/btpr.70085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T08:36:06Z","timestamp":1763368566000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Image analysis method for measurement and prediction of intra\u2010matrix\n                    <scp>IgG<\/scp>\n                    diffusion"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Riya","family":"Debbarma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering Purdue University  West Lafayette Indiana USA"},{"name":"Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Purdue University  West Lafayette Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio C. F.","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Department Morissey College of Arts and Sciences, Boston College  Chestnut Hill Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Ladisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering Purdue University  West Lafayette Indiana USA"},{"name":"Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Purdue University  West Lafayette Indiana USA"},{"name":"Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University  West Lafayette Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01062110"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978\u20103\u2010031\u201050419\u20108_7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2018.01.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.28243"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antib11030056"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics11080371"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.03.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Adams BS","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.58"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2023.2289"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2016.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00411"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00261"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2008.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000165682"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0094620"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.5c00836"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.28505"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","first-page":"354","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing: A Practical Approach with Examples in Matlab","author":"Solomon C","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006\u20103002(63)91645\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1987.45"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2018.00199"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.111.088301"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0903554106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2012.10.038"}],"container-title":["Biotechnology Progress"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aiche.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/btpr.70085","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aiche.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/btpr.70085","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aiche.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/btpr.70085","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T09:33:33Z","timestamp":1781516013000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aiche.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/btpr.70085"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/btpr.70085"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/btpr.70085","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8756-7938","1520-6033"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8756-7938","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6033","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70085"}}