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They include a thyromediastinal muscle, a truncus bicaroticobrachialis, and a left superior vena cava, with complete absence of the right superior vena cava, but with a normal azygos vein opening into the right atrium at the expected site of entry of the superior vena cava. No associated congenital cardiac malformations were found. Clinical implications include the difficulty of heart catheterization through the subclavian veins and misleading images on CT or MRI scans, where the azygos vein could be mistaken for a right superior vena cava. Clin. Anat. 16:176\u2013181, 2003. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.10079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,18]],"date-time":"2003-02-18T15:12:31Z","timestamp":1045581151000},"page":"176-181","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Simultaneous occurrence of a thyromediastinal muscle, a truncus bicaroticobrachialis, and a left superior vena cava"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Barbaix","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Kerckaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"D'Herde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Depreter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Espeel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1090700503"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1091110207"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"32","volume-title":"Compendium of human anatomic variation","author":"Bergman RA","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1090740204"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"343","article-title":"Eine seltene abnormit\u00e4t des Platysma","volume":"26","author":"Ehrenberg G","year":"1905","journal-title":"Anat Anz"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"183","article-title":"Der M. levator glandulae thyreoideae und verwandte praelaryngeale Muskelbildungen","volume":"17","author":"Eisler P","year":"1900","journal-title":"Anat Anz"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"254","volume-title":"Die Muskeln des Stammes","author":"Eisler P","year":"1912"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"338","article-title":"Zur Morphologie der Muskelvarianten des Lateralgebietes des Halses","volume":"62","author":"Fedoroff DN","year":"1927","journal-title":"Anat Anz"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Complete situs inversus of the vena cava superior","volume":"35","author":"Halpert B","year":"1927","journal-title":"Anat Rec"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"480","article-title":"\u00dcberreste des Sphincter colli profundus beim Menschen","volume":"51","author":"Huber E","year":"1918","journal-title":"Anat Anz"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1090590106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1090310104"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"171","volume-title":"Trait\u00e9 des variations du syst\u00e8me musculaire de l'homme. 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