{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T07:01:04Z","timestamp":1790492464035,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,31]],"date-time":"2003-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1059609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tarsal coalitions (TC) are defined as fibrous (beyond normal ligaments), cartilaginous, or osseous unions of at least two tarsal bones. Most of the clinical studies report the prevalence of TC as &lt;1%, but they disregard the asymptomatic coalitions. Because TC have been associated with pathologic conditions, including degenerative arthritic changes, knowledge of their prevalence has clinical importance. The aim of our study was to establish the prevalence of TC and tarsal joint variants. A total of 114 feet from 62 cadavers (average age = 78 years) without obvious foot pathologies were dissected at the Department of Anatomical Sciences, The University of Adelaide. Ten non\u2010osseous TC in eight subjects were identified: two talocalcaneal and eight calcaneonavicular (occurred twice bilaterally). Variant calcaneonavicular and cuboideonavicular joints were found in 8% and 31% of feet, respectively. Other joint variants included a variable number of talocalcaneal joint surfaces and sesamoid bones. No secondary TC (due to trauma, infections, or neoplasm) were found. Our study demonstrated that the overall prevalence of TC is higher (13%) than previously thought; tarsal joint variations (39%) and sesamoid bones (42%) were common as well. The supposed secular increase in the prevalence of TC as well as the high number of anatomical variants could reflect a short\u2010term response to altered life\u2010style or a microevolutionary trend due to relaxed selection. Clin. Anat. 16:411\u2013415, 2003. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.10146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,8,1]],"date-time":"2003-08-01T10:16:10Z","timestamp":1059732970000},"page":"411-415","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["High prevalence of tarsal coalitions and tarsal joint variants in a recent cadaver sample and its possible significance"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"F.J.","family":"R\u00fchli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.B.","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Henneberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Frequency of the median artery of the forearm in adult Pakistani cadavers","volume":"10","author":"Aziz N","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc S Z P G M I"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1927.01130190078006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"1016","volume-title":"Diagnostic ultrasound","author":"Benson CB","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"323","article-title":"Tarsal coalitions","volume":"45","author":"Drennan JC","year":"1996","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"278","article-title":"Symphalangism and tarsal coalitions: a hereditary syndrome\u2014a report on two families","volume":"51","author":"Geelhoed GW","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg [Br]"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199409000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"399","article-title":"Anomalous structures in the developing human foot","volume":"121","author":"Harris BJ","year":"1955","journal-title":"Anat Rec"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.30B4.624","article-title":"Etiology of peroneal spastic flat foot","volume":"30","author":"Harris RI","year":"1948","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330960402"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"177","article-title":"Variation in the closure of the sacral canal in the skeletal sample from Pompeii, Italy, 79 AD","volume":"4","author":"Henneberg RJ","year":"1999","journal-title":"Persp Hum Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079601700509"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079801900804"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.56B3.520"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"1275","volume-title":"Campbell's operative orthopaedics","author":"Miller RH","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198466070-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"474","article-title":"Tarsal coalition: etiology, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"29","author":"Pachuda NM","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Foot Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"245","article-title":"Beitr\u00e4ge zur Kenntniss des menschlichen Extremit\u00e4tenskelets. 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