{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T02:27:08Z","timestamp":1788920828284,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,18]],"date-time":"2009-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1245283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The inguinal canal is an anatomically complex region. Although much has been written about the gubernaculum and the descent of the testis, little is known about the development of the abdominal wall itself. We dissected this inguinal canal in 75 fetuses between 10 and 25 weeks of gestation, 42 males and 33 females. We identified the anterior body\u2010wall muscular layers, located the gonads and uterus, and observed the formation of the scrotum. The gubernaculum was dissected, from the deep to the superficial ends and its distal attachments were determined. We proved that the muscular\u2010fibrous layers of the wall were well\u2010differentiated and observed how the inguinal canal enlarged with embryological development. In only one of the cases, an abnormal testis was found located in the scrotum. The upper end of the gubernaculum inserted into the inferior pole of the testis or the lateral angle of the uterus, according to gender. The lower end was attached by one or multiple tails, mainly on the pubic bone. This fact explained the clinical findings of ectopic testis. Observations of the abdominal wall and its relationship with the gubernaculum assisted us in explaining the development of the inguinal region, the formation of the inguinal canal, and the presence of the gubernaculum, in both genders. We intend to explain how the deep inguinal ring moves upwards, bringing the gubernaculum along with it, and thus determines the final form of the inguinal canal. Clin. Anat. 22:614\u2013618, 2009. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,18]],"date-time":"2009-06-18T12:27:14Z","timestamp":1245328034000},"page":"614-618","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Inguinal canal development: The muscular wall and the role of the gubernaculum"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Susana N.","family":"Biasutto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuel","family":"Repetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirta M.","family":"Aliendo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria N.","family":"Borghino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"The gubernaculum testis Hunteri: Testicular descent and maldescent","volume":"35","author":"Backhouse KM","year":"1964","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"891","article-title":"S\u00edndrome del escroto vac\u00edo: Su importancia en la pr\u00e1ctica m\u00e9dicoquir\u00fargica pedi\u00e1trica","volume":"6","author":"Berchi Garc\u00eda FJ","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatr Integral"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.312.7030.564"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"129","article-title":"Ectop\u00eda testicular cruzada. Presentaci\u00f3n de un caso","volume":"13","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez Jim\u00e9nez I","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cir Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"93","article-title":"The gubernaculum during testicular descent in the human fetus","volume":"153","author":"Heyns CF","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Development and transition of the testis, normal and abnormal","volume":"22","author":"Lockwood CB","year":"1888","journal-title":"J Anat Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"32","article-title":"Ectop\u00eda testicular cruzada. Caso cl\u00ednico","volume":"3","author":"Mar\u00edn Mata C","year":"2005","journal-title":"Revista Venezolana de Endocrinologia Metabolismo"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"61","article-title":"Correlation between the mediocaudal insertion of the internal oblique and transverse muscle of the abdomen and pelvimetric data","volume":"11","author":"Melo PV","year":"1994","journal-title":"Rev Bras Cien Morfol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2007.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20675"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000050997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Transverse testicular ectopia","volume":"19","author":"Shamsuddin S","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"386","article-title":"Perineal ectopic testis\u2014A rare encounter in paediatric surgical practice","volume":"18","author":"Soomro S","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Coll Physicians Surg Pak"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-007-1932-8"}],"container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fca.20820","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ca.20820","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T01:37:24Z","timestamp":1699925844000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ca.20820"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,18]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ca.20820"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ca.20820","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0897-3806","1098-2353"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0897-3806","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2353","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,18]]}}}