{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T10:54:37Z","timestamp":1789556077738,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,16]],"date-time":"2010-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1268697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Apical ventricular septal defects are rare pathologies of the ventricular septum. The moderator band, or other large trabeculations, is the major obstacle for the repair of such defects. The aim of our study was to identify and describe variations in the size and anatomy of the moderator band. We studied the right ventricular apical trabeculations in 100 adult human cadavers. Overall, we identified the moderator band in 92% of hearts. In just over two\u2010fifths (42%), the band was a short and thick trabeculation, whereas, in one\u2010eighth (12%), it was long and thick. In just under one\u2010quarter of the hearts (24%), the band was short and thin, whereas it was long and thin in 14% of the hearts. In the remaining eight hearts, we were unable to identify the moderator band. The mean thickness of the band was 4.5 \u00b11.8 mm, and its mean length was 16.23 \u00b1 2.3 mm, ranging from 11.3 to 24.3 mm. According to these measurements, we were able to classify the band as originating less than 45% of the distance from the tricuspid valve to the apex (closer to tricuspid valve), seen in 12 hearts, between 45 and 55% of the distance from the valve to the apex, seen in 45 hearts, and greater than 55% of this distance (closer to the apex), seen in 39 specimens. We present these data that may prove useful in the setting of the surgical repair of apical ventricular septal defects through the right atrium. Clin. Anat. 23:443\u2013450, 2010. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,16]],"date-time":"2010-03-16T16:00:55Z","timestamp":1268755255000},"page":"443-450","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Anatomical observations of the moderator band"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Marios","family":"Loukas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary","family":"Klaassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Shane","family":"Tubbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trevor","family":"Derderian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Paling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Drin","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shilpa","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert H.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)64434-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"E25","article-title":"Mahaim tachycardias","volume":"19","author":"Aliot E","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(99)70258-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"174","volume-title":"The British and Foreign Medical Review: Or Quarterly Journal of Practical Medicine and Surgery","author":"Babington JP","year":"1838"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.155.3.4001353"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"633","volume-title":"Gray's Anatomy. Chambers of the Heart","author":"Clemente CE","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","series-title":"Circulatory System. Annual of the Universal Medical Sciences","first-page":"479","author":"Davis FA","year":"1890"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"211","volume-title":"Heroes of History: A Brief History of Civilization from Ancient Times to the Dawn of the Modern Age","author":"Durant W","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"42","volume-title":"The Diseases of the Heart and the Aorta","author":"Fothergill JM","year":"1879"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-002-0085-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"305","volume-title":"Diagnosis and Management of Adult Congenital Heart Disease","author":"Gatzoulis MA","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(81)90353-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"399","volume-title":"Practical Interventional Cardiology","author":"Grech ED","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"288","article-title":"As originally published in 1989: Repair of large muscular ventricular septal defects in infants employing left ventriculotomy. Updated in 1996","volume":"63","author":"Hannan RL","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"1891","volume-title":"Rest and Pain: A Course of Lectures on the Influence of Mechanical and Physiological Rest in the Treatment of Accidents and Surgical Diseases, and the Diagnostic Value of Pain","author":"Hilton J","year":"1891"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000162000.03997.65"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02336556"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Iliolumbar membrane, a newly recognized structure in the back","volume":"65","author":"Loukas M","year":"2006","journal-title":"Folia Morphol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20347"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(89)90441-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/9781848160484"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","first-page":"395","article-title":"Observations of the physiology of Purkinje tissue","volume":"30","author":"Petersen MS","year":"1910","journal-title":"Am J Phys"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","first-page":"37","volume-title":"Anatomy of the Arteries of the Human Body","author":"Power JH","year":"1862"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","first-page":"26","article-title":"Ramus limbi dextri or \u201cmoderator band\u201d artery","volume":"34","author":"Pyda M","year":"1991","journal-title":"Kardiol Pol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-2353(2000)13:4<244::AID-CA3>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","first-page":"168","article-title":"The moderator band and its relation to the papillary muscles with observations on the development and structure of the right ventricle","volume":"20","author":"Retzer R","year":"1909","journal-title":"Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","first-page":"28","volume-title":"The Harveian Oration","author":"Rolleston G","year":"1873"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","first-page":"360","volume-title":"Quain's Elements of Anatomy","author":"Rolleston G","year":"1892"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","first-page":"65","volume-title":"Indian Wildlife\u2013Threats and Preservation","author":"Sharma BD","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197711000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","first-page":"1002","volume-title":"Heart and Great Vessels. Gray's Anatomy","author":"Standring S","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","first-page":"63","article-title":"The radiology of cardiac pacemakers","volume":"14","author":"Steiner RM","year":"1983","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Clin"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(99)01333-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(01)03249-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Anatomical factors influencing fixation of endocardial pacing leads in the right ventricle","volume":"12","author":"Victor S","year":"1985","journal-title":"Tex Heart Inst J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","first-page":"53","volume-title":"Practical Echocardiography","author":"Walsh W","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","first-page":"11","volume-title":"The Pacemaker Clinic of the 90's: Essentials in Brady\u2010Pacing","author":"Wittkampf FHM","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-7940(96)80371-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(91)90329-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","first-page":"74","article-title":"Usefulness of 64\u2010slice computed tomography for evaluation of double\u2010chambered right ventricle combined with atrial and ventricular septal defects","volume":"36","author":"Wu MC","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tex Heart Inst J"}],"container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fca.20968","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ca.20968","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]],"date-time":"2023-11-21T09:19:41Z","timestamp":1700558381000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ca.20968"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,16]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ca.20968"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ca.20968","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0897-3806","1098-2353"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0897-3806","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2353","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,16]]}}}