{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T15:35:29Z","timestamp":1777131329806,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,8]],"date-time":"2011-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1302220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sigmoid volvulus demonstrates geographical, racial, and gender variation. This autopsy study was undertaken to establish morphological differences of the sigmoid colon and its mesocolon in which the length and other characteristics were assessed. A total of 590 cadavers were examined (403 African, 91 Indian, and 96 White). Length and height of the sigmoid colon and mesocolon were significantly longer in Africans, and mesocolon root was significantly narrower in Africans. Mesocolic ratio for Africans, Indians, and Whites was 1.1 \u00b1 0.8, 1.8 \u00b1 0.7, and 1.9 \u00b1 1.0, respectively. Africans had a significantly high incidence of redundant sigmoid colon with the long\u2010narrow type and suprapelvic position predominating (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.003); the opposite applied to the classic type. There was no difference in sigmoid colon length, mesocolon height, and width between males and females in all population groups. Among Africans, the long\u2010narrow type was more common in males, and the classic and long\u2010broad types were more common in females. Splaying of teniae coli and thickening of the mesentery were more common in Africans. Tethering of the sigmoid colon to the posterior abdominal wall was less common in Africans compared with other population groups. In conclusion, the sigmoid colon was longer, and the sigmoid mesocolon root was narrower in Africans compared with the other population groups, and the sigmoid colon had a suprapelvic disposition among Africans. In Africans, the sigmoid colon was longer in males with a long\u2010narrow shape. These differences may explain geographical and racial differences in sigmoid volvulus. Clin. Anat. 24:441\u2013453, 2011. \u00a9 2011Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.21100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,8]],"date-time":"2011-04-08T22:06:46Z","timestamp":1302300406000},"page":"441-453","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Sigmoid colon morphology in the population groups of Durban, South Africa, with special reference to sigmoid volvulus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"T.E.","family":"Madiba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.R.","family":"Haffajee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197305000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02048112"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(16)42684-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02553666"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02553326"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198507000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"452","article-title":"Radiological observations in the colon of Nigerians with chronic enema abuse","volume":"70","author":"Bassey DE","year":"1993","journal-title":"East Afr Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.10204"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Management of sigmoid volvulus in Polokwane\u2010Mankweng Hospital","volume":"43","author":"Bhuiyan MM","year":"2005","journal-title":"S Afr J Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5598.179-c"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"466","article-title":"Volvulus of the sigmoid colon","volume":"22","author":"Bruusgaard C","year":"1947","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"Volvulus of the sigmoid colon at Baragwanath Hospital","volume":"34","author":"Degiannis E","year":"1996","journal-title":"S Afr J Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"705","article-title":"Small\u2010intestinal volvulus in the Bantu","volume":"24","author":"Dickson PR","year":"1950","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"335","volume-title":"Davey's Companion to Surgery in Africa","author":"El Masri SH","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"La d\u00e9termination des mesures du colon sigmoide et leur rapport avec le volvulus","volume":"79","author":"Ertem M","year":"1995","journal-title":"Bull Assoc Anat"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"558","article-title":"El colon ilio\u2010pelvic en los Peruanos","volume":"49","author":"Escudero F","year":"1966","journal-title":"An Fac Med Lima"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(49)90432-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","first-page":"31","article-title":"An approach to the management of volvulus of the sigmoid colon","volume":"36","author":"Faranisi CT","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cent Afr J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.219.1.r01ap3991"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"Colonic volvulus","volume":"29","author":"Frizelle FA","year":"1996","journal-title":"Adv Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","first-page":"377","volume-title":"Anatomy. 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