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The first case was a 75\u2010year\u2010old, right\u2010handed male who suffered from chronic pain in both upper limbs, especially the left side. A dissection of his left upper limb revealed a PMA piercing both the MN and the medial branch of the anterior interosseous nerve. This artery coursed distally, deep to the transverse carpal ligament (TCL), forming a median\u2010ulnar pattern for the superficial palmar arch (SPA). The PMA was superficial to two nerves at the distal edge of the TCL; the extraligamentous recurrent thenar (RT) branch of the MN and the third common digital nerve (TCDN). The second case was from the left side of an 80\u2010year\u2010old female found to have a high origin of the radial artery with trifurcation of the latter into PMA, common interosseous, and ulnar arteries. The PMA passed deep to the TCL forming a radial\u2010median\u2010ulnar pattern of SPA. Both the transligamentous RT branch of the MN and the TCDN passed deep to the PMA inside the carpal tunnel, before the abnormal crossing of the latter nerve ventral to the SPA on its way to the digits. The relationships of the PMA to various MN branches may have important implications regarding the diagnosis and treatment of MN compressive neuropathies. Clin. Anat. 24:627\u2013633, 2011. \u00a9 2011 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.21127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,12]],"date-time":"2011-01-12T21:13:21Z","timestamp":1294866801000},"page":"627-633","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Persistent median artery: Cadaveric study and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Eid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.A.","family":"Shibata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Otsuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2007.10.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","first-page":"27","article-title":"A study of the superficial palmar arteries using the Doppler Ultrasonic Flowmeter","volume":"138","author":"Al\u2010Turk M","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20086"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(85)80163-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"406","article-title":"A complex variation in the superficial palmar arch","volume":"65","author":"Bataineh ZM","year":"2006","journal-title":"Folia Morphol (Warsz)"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199704000-00042"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-006-0109-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-007-0290-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","first-page":"409","article-title":"Arterial patterns in the hand based upon a study of 650 specimens","volume":"113","author":"Coleman SS","year":"1961","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e31817fe4f2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2006.03758.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070402501010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199173040-00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20862"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","first-page":"e51","article-title":"Variations in the anatomy of the third common digital nerve and landmarks to avoid injury to the third common digital nerve with carpal tunnel release","volume":"8","author":"Engineer NJ","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eplasty"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199507000-00023"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198769020-00026"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2002.21.4.455"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200102000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2008.05.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200011000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","first-page":"151","article-title":"A further study of the high incidence of the median artery of the forearm in Southern Africa","volume":"181","author":"Henneberg M","year":"1992","journal-title":"JAnat"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2010.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(88)80085-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(88)80135-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2002.97.2.0471"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-4679(01)00436-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-7681(98)80109-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","first-page":"341","article-title":"Split median nerve. 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