{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T07:27:19Z","timestamp":1791098839788,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,28]],"date-time":"2011-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1311811200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ludwig Edinger, a German neurologist is considered as one of the founders of modern neuroanatomy. He was conferred the degree of Doctor of Medicine at the University of Strassburg. His observation of small living organisms under a microscope at an early age led him to study medicine. Edinger had many discoveries to his credit. He was the first to describe the ventral and dorsal spinocerebellar tracts, to distinguish between paleo\u2010encephalon and neo\u2010encephalon, and between paleo\u2010cerebellum and neo\u2010cerebellum. He coined the terms \u201cgnosis\u201d and \u201cpraxis,\u201d which were later adopted in psychological descriptions of agnosia and apraxia. He identified the Edinger\u2010Westphal nucleus in 1885 and was the first to describe the syndrome of thalamic pain. Edinger worked with renowned clinicians and published a large number of papers. He founded the Neurological Institute at the Goethe University in Frankfurt, which is the oldest neurological Institute in Germany. Edinger was a rare combination of a profound scientist, a brilliant teacher, a fine artist, and a noted hypnotist. While at the height of his career, he underwent a surgery and died a few hours later. It was his last will that his brain should be dissected in his own institute. It showed extraordinarily well\u2010developed occipital lobes as well as other unusual features. Clin. Anat. 25:155\u2013157, 2012. \u00a9 2011 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.21224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,28]],"date-time":"2011-07-28T19:47:08Z","timestamp":1311882428000},"page":"155-157","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Ludwig Edinger (1855\u20131918)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Ivan James","family":"Prithishkumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_3_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Klinische Beitr\u00e4ge zur halbseitigen Kehlkopfl\u00e4hmung","volume":"40","author":"Avellis G","year":"1891","journal-title":"Berl Klinik"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(98)00174-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_4_1","first-page":"171","article-title":"Die Endigung der Hautnerven bei Pterotrachea. 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