{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T17:39:31Z","timestamp":1789925971382,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,31]],"date-time":"2012-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1327968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The safe and successful performance of pericardiocentesis demands a working and specific knowledge of anatomy. Misunderstanding of anatomy may result in failure or serious complications. This review attempts to aid understanding of the anatomical framework, pitfalls, and complications of pericardiocentesis. Pericardiocentesis is carried out for aspiration of blood from the pericardial cavity in cases of cardiac tamponade and symptomatic pericardial effusion. In addition, this technique may be used for the diagnosis of neoplastic effusions, purulent pericarditis, and introduction of cytotoxic agents into the pericardial space. Most complications of the procedure are due to the needle penetrating the heart and surrounding structures such a coronary arteries, lungs, stomach, colon, and liver. These complications, if severe, may result in pneumothorax, hemothorax, arrhythmias, infections or arterial bleeding. Therefore, the more fluid or blood there is between the myocardium and pericardium\u2014within the pericardial cavity\u2014 the less chance of complications. With a thorough knowledge of the complications, regional anatomy and rationale of the technique, and adequate experience, a pericardiocentesis can be carried out safely and successfully. Clin. Anat. 25:872\u2013881, 2012. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,31]],"date-time":"2012-01-31T20:33:13Z","timestamp":1328041993000},"page":"872-881","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Pericardiocentesis: A clinical anatomy review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Loukas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Walters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.M.","family":"Boon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.P.","family":"Welch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.H.","family":"Meiring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.H.","family":"Abrahams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","first-page":"24","volume-title":"Clinical Anatomy of Practical Procedures","author":"Abrahams PH","year":"1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.005512"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"139","volume-title":"Advanced Trauma Life Support Course for Physicians Student Manual","author":"American College of Surgeons, Committee on Trauma","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)63699-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.73.857.141"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340051206"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)65204-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(37)90276-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(80)90249-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1956.02970210004002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(85)80444-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(85)90397-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8175.2003.03084.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(87)80005-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","first-page":"796","article-title":"An unusual procedure for the treatment of simultaneous pericardial and pleural effusions","volume":"29","author":"De Divitiis M","year":"1999","journal-title":"G Ital Cardiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","volume-title":"Atlas of Emergency Procedures","author":"Dunmire SM","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1177\/028418519203300405","article-title":"Complications of percutaneous pericardiocentesis under fluoroscopic guidance","volume":"33","author":"Duvernoy O","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)40938-0","article-title":"Anatomic, clinical, and therapeutic features of acute cardiac rupture. 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