{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T14:12:31Z","timestamp":1761919951311},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,10]],"date-time":"2015-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425945600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Tendon and nerve structures are at risk when displaced fractures of the distal radius are pinned using K\u2010wires. The aim of this meta\u2010analysis (MA) is to examine the published evidence of such complications in cadavers. Eight studies met our inclusion criteria. The meta\u2010analytical results were as follows: (a) 2.87% and 30.5% tendon involvement at the radial styloid process (RSP) and the dorso\u2010radial area of the distal radius, respectively; (b) 3.5% and 1.1% tendon involvement when the percutaneous pinning (PP) and the limited open pinning (LOP) techniques were used, respectively; (c) 16.1% and 3.4% nerve involvement at the RSP and the dorso\u2010radial area of the distal radius, respectively; (d) in 35.7% the nerve was speared and in 64.3% it touched the K\u2010wire at the styloid area; (e) 61.3% cephalic vein involvement in the styloid area; (f) the second branch of the sensitive branch of the radial nerve (SBRN) was the closest to a wire inserted into the RSP; (g) the mean (\u00b1SD) distance between a branch of the SBRN and a styloid wire was 2.17\u2009\u00b1\u20090.82 mm. Our results for nerve and tendon injury frequencies in the RSP were close to those in clinical meta\u2010analytical studies, offering an excellent statistical model of evidence synthesis based on cadaveric studies to assess the frequency of such injuries in clinical practice. However, this cadaveric MA yielded more accurate data than the previously reported clinical MA in assessing the real risk of injury of such structures in the distal radius in terms of their proximity to the inserted K\u2010wires. Clin. Anat. 28:545\u2013550, 2015. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,10]],"date-time":"2015-03-10T13:14:28Z","timestamp":1425993268000},"page":"545-550","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Tendon and neurovascular injuries of the distal radius after pinning with Kirschner Wires: A meta\u2010analysis of cadaveric studies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Kaissar","family":"Yammine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Foot and Hand Clinic and the Center for Evidence\u2010Based Anatomy, Sport &amp; Orthopedic Research, Emirates Hospital  Dubai United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sidiqa M.","family":"Rafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dubai Medical College, MBBcH, 5th year Student"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sadia","family":"Furhad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dubai Medical College, MBBcH, 5th year Student"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"Distal radial fracture treated with minimally invasive procedure","volume":"14","author":"Cebesoy O","year":"2008","journal-title":"J OrthopSurg"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-010-0652-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2009.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036281"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2011.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20060701-15","article-title":"Superficial radial nerve injury during standard K\u2010wire fixation of uncomplicated distal radial fractures","volume":"29","author":"Glanvill R","year":"2006","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2007.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"CD006080","article-title":"Percutaneous pinning for treating distal radial fractures in adults","volume":"3","author":"Handoll HHG","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"363","article-title":"Safety of the limited open technique of bone\u2010transfixing threaded\u2010pin placement for external fixation of distal radial fractures: A cadaver study","volume":"42","author":"Hassan DM1","year":"1999","journal-title":"Can J Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(97)80112-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.21195"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.77B4.7615598","article-title":"Fracture of the distal radius. 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