{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T16:34:27Z","timestamp":1787848467885,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,10]],"date-time":"2015-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1449705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Surface anatomy is a core component of human anatomy in clinical practice. It allows clinicians to assess patients accurately and quickly; however, recent studies have revealed variability among individuals and ethnicities. The aim of this study is to investigate possible variations in adult thoracic and abdominal surface anatomy landmarks in an Iranian population. This study used 100 thoracoabdominal CT scans (mean age: 47\u2009\u00b1\u200917 years, age range: 20\u201377 years, 47% females), noted the most common locations of clinically relevant surface markings, and analyzed correlations between these variables and age or gender. While many common surface markings in Iranians were consistent with the evidence\u2010based literature, there were some differences. In relation to the corresponding segments of the vertebral column, the superior vena cava formation and the lower border of the pleura adjacent to the vertebral column and right kidney tended to be at higher levels in adult Iranians than a Caucasian population. There were also discrepancies between the Iranian population and commonly\u2010referenced medical textbooks and recent evidence\u2010based literature concerning the vertebral levels of the diaphragmatic openings of the esophagus, aorta, and inferior vena cava. This study emphasizes the need to consider evidence\u2010based reappraisals of surface anatomy to guide clinical practice. Much of our current knowledge of surface anatomy is based on older studies of cadavers rather than living people, and does not take ethnic and individual variations into consideration. Clin. Anat. 29:191\u2013196, 2016. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,17]],"date-time":"2015-11-17T23:42:42Z","timestamp":1447803762000},"page":"191-196","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A reappraisal of adult thoracic and abdominal surface anatomy in <scp>I<\/scp>ranians in vivo using computed tomography"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Neda","family":"Pak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shilpan G.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy with Radiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir P.","family":"Hashemi Taheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fariba","family":"Hashemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raana","family":"Eftekhari Vaghefi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Naybandi Atashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Ali","family":"Mirjalili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy with Radiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.21044"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22091"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22119"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22124"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","article-title":"A reappraisal of adult thoracic and abdominal surface anatomyvia CT scan in Chinese population","author":"Shen XH","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b5448"}],"container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fca.22669","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fca.22669","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ca.22669","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T16:48:03Z","timestamp":1694623683000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ca.22669"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,10]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ca.22669"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ca.22669","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0897-3806","1098-2353"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0897-3806","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2353","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,10]]}}}