{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T11:54:14Z","timestamp":1784202854747,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,11]],"date-time":"2020-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002468","name":"Dong-A University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002468","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>An infraorbital nerve (ION) block is widely used to accomplish regional anesthesia during surgical procedures involving the midface region. This study aimed to elucidate the exact location of the infraorbital foramen (IOF) in relation to clinically useful soft\u2010tissue landmarks for achieving an effective ION block.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010three hemifaces from 23 embalmed Korean cadavers were dissected. The lateral canthus, peak of Cupid's bow, medial limbus, and midline were used as reference points. The distances from the IOF to the midline and the lateral canthus were measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The IOF was located approximately 25\u2009mm below the lateral canthus and 27\u2009mm lateral to the midline. In all cases, the IOF was situated within 9.0\u2009mm of the crossing point of the oblique line connecting the lateral canthus to the peak of Cupid's bow and the vertical line through the medial limbus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Considering the spread of an anesthetic agent, injecting it into the crossing point of the oblique line through the lateral canthus to the peak of Cupid's bow and the vertical line through the medial limbus would successfully block the ION in most patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,2]],"date-time":"2020-01-02T05:29:02Z","timestamp":1577942942000},"page":"1159-1163","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Location of the infraorbital foramen with reference to soft tissue landmarks for regional nerve blocks during midface surgery"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Kang\u2010Jae","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Dong\u2010A University College of Medicine  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun Jin","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7031-7722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shin\u2010Hyo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2005.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/joms.2000.8742"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e31816704f5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-010-0698-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-016-1683-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20688"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1967.00980020232015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4067\/S0717-95022010000300019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/112067210601600401"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2017.01193"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-74512-1","volume-title":"Manual of oculoplastic surgery","author":"Levine M. 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