{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T10:45:29Z","timestamp":1789469129454,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]],"date-time":"2020-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The facial nerve connections and pathways from the cortex to the brainstem are intricate and complicated. The extra\u2010axial part of the facial nerve leaves the lateral part of the pontomedullary sulcus and enters the temporal bone through the internal acoustic meatus. In the temporal bone, the facial nerve branches into fibers innervating the glands and tongue. After it emerges from the temporal bone it supplies various facial muscles. It contains a motor, general sensory, special sensory, and autonomic components. The physician needs comprehensive knowledge of the anatomy and courses of the facial nerve to diagnose and treat lesions and diseases of it so that surgical complications due to facial nerve injury can be avoided. This review describes the microsurgical anatomy of the facial nerve and illustrates its anatomy in relation to the surrounding bone, connective, and neurovascular structures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23652","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,19]],"date-time":"2020-07-19T05:43:24Z","timestamp":1595137404000},"page":"90-102","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Microsurgical anatomy of the facial nerve"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Seung H.","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery ST. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea  Suwon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HaeKwan","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Eunpyeong ST. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Do Sung","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Eunpyeong ST. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4120-1699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wonil","family":"Joo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Eunpyeong ST. 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