{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T17:09:50Z","timestamp":1792602590364,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":165,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The three glenohumeral ligaments (superior, middle, and inferior) are discrete thickenings of the glenohumeral joint capsule and are critical to shoulder stability and function. Injuries to this area are a cause of significant musculoskeletal morbidity. A literature search was performed by a review of PubMed, Google Scholar, and OVID for all relevant articles published up until 2020. This study highlights the anatomy, biomechanical function, and injury patterns of the glenohumeral ligaments, which may be relevant to clinical presentation and diagnosis. A detailed understanding of the normal anatomy and biomechanics is a necessary prerequisite to understanding the injury patterns and clinical presentations of disorders involving the glenohumeral ligaments of the shoulder.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23717","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,2]],"date-time":"2021-01-02T08:41:16Z","timestamp":1609576876000},"page":"283-296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The glenohumeral ligaments: Superior, middle, and inferior: Anatomy, biomechanics, injury, and diagnosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1174-2715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice J. S.","family":"Fox","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hawkesbury District Health Service  Windsor New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6299-7251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivia J. K.","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Notre Dame Australia, Darlinghurst  New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael O.","family":"Sch\u00e4r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology University of Bern  Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salma","family":"Chaudhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell F.","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Hospital for Special Surgery  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott A.","family":"Rodeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Hospital for Special Surgery  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200207000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-011-0780-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000047916"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-017-3413-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andary J. L. & Petersen S. A. (2002).The vascular anatomy of the glenohumeral capsule and ligaments: an anatomic study.Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 84(12) 2258\u20132265.","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200212000-00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(05)70215-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197355070-00024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"1020","volume-title":"Delee & Drez's Orthopaedic sports medicine: Principles and practice","author":"Backer M.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.18002610104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.3285.1132"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.17.3.9153704"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2006.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199609000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465980260012301"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2010.01.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.81B1.9111"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504271509"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197254040-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505285585"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510382887"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546507305012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546507301081"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.179.3.1790649"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200207000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2000.17715"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658701500209"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2007.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.196.1.7784579"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2008.02.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-5451-8_77"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2004.04.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4055\/cios.2015.7.3.365"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.183.2.1830355"},{"issue":"254","key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199005000-00004","article-title":"The relationship of the glenohumeral joint capsule to the rotator cuff","author":"Clark J.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199274050-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","first-page":"142","volume-title":"Review of sports medicine and arthroscopy","author":"Cole B. J.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","first-page":"207","volume-title":"Anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology of glenohumeral instability","author":"Cole B. J. W. J.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1058-2746(93)90003-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199274010-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199609000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2798326"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100170523"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Die Hemmungsb\u00e4nder des Schultergelenks und ihre Bedeutung fur die Schulterluxationen","volume":"92","author":"Delorme D.","year":"1910","journal-title":"Archiv f\u00fcr klinische Chirurgie"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","first-page":"255","article-title":"Variational anatomy and degenerative lesions of the shoulder joint","volume":"6","author":"DePalma A. F.","year":"1949","journal-title":"AAOS Instructional Course Lectures"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-006-0237-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(05)80340-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2013.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-004-2449-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","volume-title":"Anatomie des Menschen","author":"Fangh\u00e4nel J.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(02)00002-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2000.105624"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659001800103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Instability of the shoulder: Complex problems and failed repairs: Part I. relevant biomechanics, multidirectional instability, and severe glenoid loss","volume":"47","author":"Flatow E.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Instructional Course Lectures"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)93714-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1091020102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.179.2.2014303"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","first-page":"48","volume-title":"Diagnostic arthroscopy and normal anatomy","author":"Gartsman G. M.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20172"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200207000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199706000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00003524"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19880101-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.200.2.8685350"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2013.10.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BCO.0000000000000798"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198870020-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199173010-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","volume-title":"Disorders of the shoulder: Diagnosis & management","author":"Ianotti J. P.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2003.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2002.36119"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2013.09.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(96)80074-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200001000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.21865"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_76_1","first-page":"451","article-title":"Shoulder instability in Ehlers\u2010Danlos syndrome. An indication for surgical treatment?","volume":"56","author":"Jerosch J. C. W.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Orthopaedica Belgica"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_77_1","first-page":"963","article-title":"Shoulder pain in the overhand or throwing athlete. The relationship of anterior instability and rotator cuff impingement","volume":"18","author":"Jobe F.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Orthopaedic Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_78_1","volume-title":"Practical orthopaedic sports medicine and arthroscopy","author":"Johnson D. H. P. R.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00078"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2000.106746"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0940-9602(01)80012-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0940-9602(02)80025-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2005.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465020300010501"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2004.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200006000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2012.03.011"},{"issue":"291","key":"e_1_2_11_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199306000-00004","article-title":"Mechanisms of glenohumeral joint stability","volume":"1","author":"Lippit S.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clinial Orthopaedics and Related Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199308000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.181.1.1810203"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-027812"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.08.1097"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465980260060301"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_95_1","first-page":"2835","article-title":"Improved mediolateral load distribution without adverse laxity pattern in robot\u2010assisted knee arthroplasty compared to a standard manual measured resection technique","author":"Manning W.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-013-1780-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_97_1","volume-title":"Glenohumeral instability","author":"Rockwood C. A.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195234030-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-015-1606-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-199803000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(98)70049-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_102_1","volume-title":"Problem solving in musculoskeletal imaging E\u2010book","author":"Morrison W. B.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.44B4.913"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_104_1","first-page":"325","article-title":"Major capsuloligamentous restraints to posterior instability of the shoulder","volume":"19","author":"Naggar L.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Orthopaedic Translation"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.313105507"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198062060-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_107_1","first-page":"427","article-title":"Shoulder reconstruction","volume":"1","author":"Neer C. I.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Shoulder"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(05)80338-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_109_1","first-page":"614","article-title":"Anterior dislocation of the shoulder: The role of the articular capsule","volume":"24","author":"Nicola T.","year":"1942","journal-title":"The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2016.06.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(05)80402-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(05)80024-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659001800501"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659001800604"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(09)80098-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.190.3.8115604"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1058-2746(93)90076-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(13)70194-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02894989"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(05)70146-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2001.17993"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_122_1","first-page":"552","volume-title":"Shoulder instability: A comprehensive approach","author":"Provencher M.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_123_1","first-page":"255","article-title":"Acute anterior dislocation of the shoulder. Clinical and experimental studies","volume":"44","author":"Reeves B.","year":"1969","journal-title":"Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.00973"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659402200119"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195638050-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197860010-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11138\/jts\/2013.1.4.171"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200412000-00022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.172.1.9888763"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198303000-00003","article-title":"Gross and functional anatomy of the shoulder","volume":"173","author":"Sarrafian S. K.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_132_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Capsular restraints to the anterior\u2010posterior motion of the shoulder","volume":"12","author":"Schwartz R. E.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Transactions of Orthopaedic Research Society"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.3849"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515578250"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516656367"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658401200103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1758-5740.2010.00050.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-012-1493-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(97)90005-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(02)00155-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(98)90221-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659702500306"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659101900105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-59819-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_145_1","first-page":"1377","article-title":"Post\u2010hemiplegic shoulder pain","volume":"57","author":"Thomas T.","year":"1957","journal-title":"New York Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.166.4.8610565"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195032020-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-007-0278-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198163080-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-8063(95)90064-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2372041429"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(09)80048-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659202000608"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_154_1","first-page":"145","article-title":"Overview of shoulder instability","volume":"4","author":"Warner J. J. C. D.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Critical Reviews in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_155_1","first-page":"89","article-title":"Static factors affecting posterior shoulder stability","volume":"1","author":"Warren R. F.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Orthopaedic Translation"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_156_1","volume-title":"Syndesmology; or, a description of the ligaments of the human body","author":"Weitbrecht J. K. E.","year":"1969"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_157_1","first-page":"98","article-title":"Nachweis eines ligamentum interarticulare (\u201cteres\u201d) humeri, sowie eines Teres sessils femoris","volume":"2","author":"Welcker R. H.","year":"1877","journal-title":"Zeitschrift Fur Anatomie Und Entwicklungsgeschichte"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465000280011701"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1997.25.6.364"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(05)80105-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.178.1.1780233"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_162_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-006-0258-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-8063(95)90139-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(98)70034-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(98)90182-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s003300000679"}],"container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ca.23717","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ca.23717","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ca.23717","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T12:38:52Z","timestamp":1737117532000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ca.23717"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]]},"references-count":165,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ca.23717"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ca.23717","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0897-3806","1098-2353"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0897-3806","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2353","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-08-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}