{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T14:37:13Z","timestamp":1747147033062,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]],"date-time":"2022-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Poor speech improvement after levator veli palatini (LVP) reconstruction may be related to intraoperative vascular injury. We aimed to examine the vascular anatomy of the velopharyngeal muscles to provide a guide for arterial protection in cleft palate repair. Fresh adult cadaveric heads were injected with gelatin\/lead oxide. The velopharyngeal specimens were stained with iodine and scanned using micro\u2010computed tomography. Three\u2010dimensional reconstruction models were obtained using a computer\u2010aided design software. The ascending palatine artery (APaA), especially the posterior branch, is the main artery supplying the velopharyngeal muscles. The posterior branch of the APaA reaches the dorsal part of the musculus uvulae in the posterior one third of the soft palate (SP) and lies 1.75\u2009mm (standard deviation, 0.06) under the nasal mucosa; the anterior branch penetrates the anterolateral side of the LVP to reach the anterior one third of the SP and lies 7.09\u2009mm (0.03) under the oral mucosa. The posterior APaA, anterior ApaA, and ApaA trunk had mean diameters of 0.41\u2009mm (0.04), 0.46\u2009mm (0.06), and 0.65\u2009mm (0.04) at 0.5, 1, and 1.5\u00a0cm distance from the palatal midline, respectively. To minimize vascular injury, mobilization of muscles during intravelar veloplasty should be performed within a distance of 1\u00a0cm from the palatal midline, and dissection of the oral submucosa should be reduced in the anterior one third of the SP, while wide dissection of the nasal submucosal should be avoided in the posterior one third of the SP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]],"date-time":"2022-01-11T16:09:33Z","timestamp":1641917373000},"page":"492-500","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Vascular anatomy of the velopharyngeal muscles and its clinical implications: A fresh cadaveric study based on micro\u2010computed tomography"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleft Lip and Palate Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital Plastic Surgery Hospital and Chinese Academy of Medical Science  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongqian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleft Lip and Palate Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital Plastic Surgery Hospital and Chinese Academy of Medical Science  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haidong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleft Lip and Palate Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital Plastic Surgery Hospital and Chinese Academy of Medical Science  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleft Lip and Palate Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital Plastic Surgery Hospital and Chinese Academy of Medical Science  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleft Lip and Palate Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital Plastic Surgery Hospital and Chinese Academy of Medical Science  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4657-3723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ningbei","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleft Lip and Palate Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital Plastic Surgery Hospital and Chinese Academy of Medical Science  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"384","article-title":"The applied anatomic study of palatopharyngeus muscle","volume":"20","author":"Cheng N.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Zhonghua Zheng Xing Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"208","article-title":"Applied anatomy of arterial supply for the soft palate","volume":"16","author":"Cheng N.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Zhonghua Zheng Xing Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-016-1798-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100065403"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199803000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199809010-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23606"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"46","article-title":"Intravelar veloplasty: A prospective study","volume":"26","author":"Marsh J. 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