{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T19:01:51Z","timestamp":1784919711425,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,31]],"date-time":"2022-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL) is considered one of the main stabilizers of the elbow. However, its anatomical description is not well established. Imaging techniques do not always have agreed upon parameters for the study of this ligament. Therefore, herein, we studied the macro and microanatomy of the LUCL to establish its morphological and morphometric characteristics more precisely. Fifty\u2010five fresh\u2010frozen human elbows underwent dissection of the lateral collateral ligament. Morphological characteristics were studied in detail. Ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance (MR) were done before dissection. Two specimens were selected for PGP 9.5\u2009S immunohistochemistry. Ten additional elbows were analyzed by E12 sheet plastination. LUCL was identified in all specimens and clearly defined by E12 semi\u2010thin sections. It fused with the common extensor tendon and the radial ligament. The total length of the LUCL was 48.50\u2009mm at 90\u00b0, 46.76\u2009mm at maximum flexion and 44.10\u2009mm at complete extension. Three morphological insertion variants were identified. Both US and MR identified the LUCL in all cases. It was hypoechoic in the middle and distal third in 85%. The LUCL was hypointense on MR in 95%. Free nerve endings were present on histology. The LUCL is closely related to the anular ligament. It is stretched during flexion and supination. US and MR can reliably identify its fibers. Anatomical data are relevant to the surgeon who repairs the ligaments of the elbow. Also, to the radiologist and pain physician who interpret imaging and treat patients with pain syndromes of the elbow.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23991","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]],"date-time":"2022-12-13T03:11:20Z","timestamp":1670901080000},"page":"866-874","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The lateral ulnar collateral ligament: Anatomical and structural study for clinical application in the diagnosis and treatment of elbow lateral ligament injuries"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1551-3349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana","family":"Noriego","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neurosciences Research Group (NEOMA) Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona  Girona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery University Hospital Dr. Trueta  Girona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3265-2778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Carrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neurosciences Research Group (NEOMA) Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona  Girona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1317-1047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard Shane","family":"Tubbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine  New Orleans Louisiana USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine  New Orleans Louisiana USA"},{"name":"Department of Structural &amp; Cellular Biology Tulane University School of Medicine  New Orleans Louisiana USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute Ochsner Health System  New Orleans Louisiana USA"},{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences St. George's University  St. George's Grenada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Guibernau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDIBGI Girona Biomedical Research Center  Girona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Radiology Salut Empord\u00e0 Hospital Foundation  Figueres Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4165-429X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"San Mill\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neurosciences Research Group (NEOMA) Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona  Girona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8502-7952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joe","family":"Iwanaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine  New Orleans Louisiana USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine  New Orleans Louisiana USA"},{"name":"Department of Structural &amp; Cellular Biology Tulane University School of Medicine  New Orleans Louisiana USA"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Anatomy Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A\u00efda","family":"Cateura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neurosciences Research Group (NEOMA) Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona  Girona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6396-2691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose","family":"Sa\u00f1udo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2664-2277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Reina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neurosciences Research Group (NEOMA) Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona  Girona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-7580.2000.19730507.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2018.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2016.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(95)80049-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.204.3.9280264"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"207","volume-title":"Cunningham's text book of anatomy","author":"Cunningham D. 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