{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:46:54Z","timestamp":1779151614101,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]],"date-time":"2023-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Textbooks and atlases of human macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of the larynx generally provide, if at all, only sparse information on the laryngeal <jats:italic>Musculus ventricularis<\/jats:italic>. However, several studies indicate that this muscle takes over the function of vestibular (ventricular) fold phonation after denervation of the <jats:italic>Musculus vocalis<\/jats:italic>. In the present study, 29 laryngeal specimens were coronally dissected at different levels, i.e. the anterior (L1), middle (L2), and posterior third of the vestibular fold (L3), and they underwent histological analysis. In all specimens the vestibular folds of both hemi\u2010larynxes contained striated muscle bundles in variable amounts, representing a ventricularis muscle. These muscle bundles obviously originated from the lateral (external) and thyroepiglottic part of the thyroarytenoid muscle and the aryepiglottic part of the oblique arytenoid muscle, as has been described by other authors. The areas of vestibular folds and their amounts of ventricularis muscle bundles were measured using image analysis software (imageJ) by manual tracing. The mean area of the vestibular folds of both hemi\u2010larynxes was 27.9\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (SD [standard deviation]\u2009\u00b1\u20099.17), and the area occupied by fibers of the ventricularis muscle was 1.5\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (SD\u2009\u00b1\u20091.78). Statistical analysis comparing the areas of both hemi\u2010larynxes and levels resulted in no significant differences, except for the levels 2 and 3. In level 2, significantly more muscle fibers (2.0\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>; SD\u2009\u00b1\u20092.21) were detectable within the vestibular fold than in level 3 (0.9\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>; SD\u2009\u00b1\u20091.43). Level 1 also contained more muscle fibers (1.1\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>; SD\u2009\u00b1\u20091.06) than level 3, however, without significance. In conclusion, the laryngeal ventricularis muscle is present in the majority of reported cases. Since the muscle is of clinical relevance, it should be included in anatomical textbooks by default.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.24050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]],"date-time":"2023-04-24T10:29:47Z","timestamp":1682332187000},"page":"1138-1146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Amount and spatial arrangement of muscle fibers in the human laryngeal\u00a0<i>Musculus ventricularis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"Gocht","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Pathologie Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Schleswig\u2010Holstein  L\u00fcbeck Germany"},{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Anatomie und Experimentelle Morphologie Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"L\u00fcers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Humanmedizin Medical School Hamburg  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Udo","family":"Schumacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Anatomie und Experimentelle Morphologie Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Department Humanmedizin Medical School Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Pr\u00e4paration humaner Kehlk\u00f6pfe zur Kl\u00e4rung der Lagebeziehung zwischen M. cricoarytaenoideus lateralis und M. thyroarytaenoideus sowie der am Aryknorpel inserierenden Taschenfaltenmuskeln","author":"Albrecht P.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","volume-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","author":"Allen E.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0185(199707)248:3<433::AID-AR16>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","volume-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","author":"Benner A.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","volume-title":"Textbook of veterinary anatomy","author":"Dyce K. 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