{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T09:04:32Z","timestamp":1789376672627,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789344000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Cadaver\u2010based anatomy teaching relies on preservation systems that allow donated bodies to remain usable across repeated teaching sessions. Formaldehyde exposure in dissection facilities has been studied extensively, yet the upstream environmental burden associated with long\u2010term cadaver pool maintenance solutions has received much less attention. In this screening cradle\u2010to\u2010gate life cycle assessment, three pool formulations were compared: Kinnamon storage solution, Original Larssen solution, and Modified Larssen solution. Institutional recipe data were converted into component masses, and cradle\u2010to\u2010gate emission factors were assigned from available life cycle inventory sources or, where no direct match was available, from explicitly labeled chemical\u2010category proxies. The main result was expressed per kilogram of prepared mixture; the volume\u2010based value was retained only as an auxiliary indicator per liquid input volume. In the baseline model, Modified Larssen had the lowest mass\u2010normalized GWP100 value (0.510\u2009kg CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    e\/kg), followed by Kinnamon storage solution (0.665\u2009kg CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    e\/kg) and Original Larssen solution (0.699\u2009kg CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    e\/kg). The leading hotspots were glycerin or glycerol in the Kinnamon and Modified Larssen formulations, and chloral hydrate in the Original Larssen formulation. Thus, the modeled climate burden was not explained by formaldehyde content alone. Because toxicity, occupational exposure, service life, wastewater treatment, and disposal were not included in the quantitative boundary, these results should be interpreted as a screening inventory for reformulation priorities, not as a complete sustainability ranking.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.70225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T08:33:31Z","timestamp":1789374811000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Environmental Burdens of Long\u2010Term Cadaver Pool Storage Solutions: A Screening Cradle\u2010to\u2010Gate Life Cycle Assessment of Three Formulations"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9384-1399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammet Mustafa","family":"G\u00fcla\u00e7t\u0131","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Therapy and Rehabilitation, Oniki\u015fubat Vocational School Kahramanmara\u015f S\u00fct\u00e7\u00fc \u0130mam University  Kahramanmara\u015f Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182111198"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","unstructured":"Althaus H.\u2010J. M.Chudacoff R.Hischier N.Jungbluth M.Osses andA.Primas.2007.\u201cLife Cycle Inventories of Chemicals.\u201dEcoinvent Report No. 8 v2.0 Swiss Centre for Life Cycle Inventories."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","volume-title":"Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice","author":"Anastas P. T.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22585"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.12160"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40494\u2010023\u201001114\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2009.06.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","volume-title":"IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans","author":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","volume-title":"Environmental Management\u2014Life Cycle Assessment \u2014Requirements and Guidelines","author":"ISO 14044","year":"2006"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","first-page":"127","article-title":"Innovative Cadaver Preservation Techniques: A Systematic Review","volume":"18","author":"Kaliappan A.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Maedica"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18690\/actabiomed.152"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2018.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","volume-title":"Overview and Methodology: Data Quality Guideline for the Ecoinvent Database Version 3","author":"Weidema B. P.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11367\u2010016\u20101087\u20108"}],"container-title":["Clinical Anatomy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ca.70225","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ca.70225","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ca.70225","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T08:33:35Z","timestamp":1789374815000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ca.70225"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]]},"references-count":14,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ca.70225"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ca.70225","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0897-3806","1098-2353"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0897-3806","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2353","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-07-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"ca.70225"}}