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The mechanisms behind the recurrence and metastasis of LUAD remain elusive, and deregulated cellular metabolism is suspected to play a significant role. This study explores the metabolic and epigenetic regulation mediated by nicotinamide N\u2010methyl transferase (NNMT) in LUAD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Untargeted metabolomic analyses were performed to detect metabolism irregularities. Single\u2010cell RNA sequencing (RNA\u2010seq) databases and multiplex immunofluorescence analysis were used to identify the location of NNMT within the tumor microenvironment. The biological functions of NNMT were investigated both in vitro and in vivo, with RNA\u2010seq and chromatin immunoprecipitation\u2010PCR providing insights into underlying mechanisms. Finally, single\u2010cell RNA\u2010seq data and immunohistochemistry of primary tumors were analyzed to validate the main findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      Untargeted metabolomic analyses revealed metabolic aberrations in amino acids, organic acids, lipids, and nicotinamide pathways, which are linked to metastasis of non\u2010small cell lung cancer. NNMT is a key enzyme in nicotinamide metabolism, and we found the bulk tissue mRNA level of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">NNMT<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene was inversely associated with LUAD metastasis. NNMT was proved to be predominantly expressed in cancer\u2010associated fibroblasts (CAFs) within the stromal regions of LUAD, and a low stromal NNMT expression was identified as a predictor of poor disease\u2010free survival following radical resection of LUAD. The isolation and primary culture of CAFs from LUAD enabled in vitro and in vivo experiments, which confirmed that NNMT negatively regulated the metastasis\u2010promoting properties of CAFs in LUAD. Mechanistically, the downregulation of NNMT led to an increase in intracellular methyl groups by reducing the activity of the methionine cycle, resulting in heightened methylation at H3K4me3. This alteration triggered the upregulation of genes involved in extracellular matrix remodeling in CAFs, including those encoding collagens, integrins, laminins, and matrix metalloproteinases, thereby facilitating cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Reanalysis of single\u2010cell RNA\u2010seq data and immunohistochemistry assays of primary LUAD tissues substantiated NNMT's negative regulation of these genes in CAFs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">This study provides novel insights into the metabolic and epigenetic regulatory functions of NNMT in CAFs, expanding the current understanding of LUAD metastasis regulation and suggesting potential avenues for future research and therapeutic development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cac2.12633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T00:38:59Z","timestamp":1733186339000},"page":"110-137","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Nicotinamide N\u2010methyltransferase negatively regulates\u00a0metastasis\u2010promoting property of cancer\u2010associated fibroblasts in lung adenocarcinoma"],"prefix":"10.34133","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7021-3939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peiyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University People's Hospital","place":["Beijing, P. 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