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Defective immune system related disorders are prone to increase the risk of cancer formation. However, the association among <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> and variety of cancer types had never been studied. A nationwide population\u2010based matched cohort study was conducted to evaluate the cancer risk in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content>. Records from Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database were analyzed. Cases of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> from 1997 to 2013 and cancers registered in the catastrophic illness profile from the same time period were collected. The standard incidence ratio (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIR<\/jats:styled-content>) of each cancer was calculated. In total, 2099 cancers among 162,499 patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> and without prior cancers were identified. The overall cancer risks in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> patients were slightly decreased, especially among male subjects (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIR<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.89). Refer to individual cancer, the cancer risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NMSC<\/jats:styled-content>) (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIR<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.59), upper <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GI<\/jats:styled-content> cancer (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIR<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.70), liver cancer (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIR<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.82), uterine, and cervix cancer (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIR<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.84) were significantly lower in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content>. In contrast, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> patients were inclined to have lymphoma, breast cancer, kidney, and urinary bladder cancer with the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIR<\/jats:styled-content> of 1.55, 2.93, and 2.95, respectively. Age stratified analyses revealed female <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> patients younger than 50\u00a0years old have even higher risk of breast cancer (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIR<\/jats:styled-content>: 3.37). Further sensitivity analysis showed similar results after excluding major autoimmune disorders. Cancer risk in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> patients is organ specific, and it is not associated with the underlying autoimmune disorders in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,26]],"date-time":"2018-03-26T03:18:14Z","timestamp":1522034294000},"page":"2153-2159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Cancer risk in patients with alopecia areata: a nationwide population\u2010based matched cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5723-6730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih\u2010Chiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Taipei Veterans General Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun\u2010Ting","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Taipei Veterans General Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han\u2010Nan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Taipei Veterans General Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi\u2010Ju","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Taichung Veterans General Hospital  Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2013.464"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/70.7.628"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09114"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5701183"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.20661"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21752"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.08.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2016.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/2012.jama.11975"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2008.02956.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2011.01209.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3645"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.103909"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10714.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mco.2014.274"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3816\/CLM.2008.n.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10428190500032570"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mpo.2950200416"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.1997.tb02323.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000360759"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.20915"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.138.4.527"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2003.05399.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12363352"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1920.02350110049003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-7753.100085"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2008.267"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01771456"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI45816"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1200140"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-1454"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2172-13-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-8-16"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-09-0886"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1301071"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1018603108"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/348546"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1726-4901(09)70274-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2015.233"}],"container-title":["Cancer 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