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The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEER<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010Medicare linkage provided data on cancer\u2010specific deaths and diabetes prevalence among 14 separate cohorts representing 1\u00a0068\u00a0098 cancer patients ages 66\u00a0+\u00a0 years diagnosed between 2000 and 2011 in 17 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEER<\/jats:styled-content> areas. Cancer\u2010specific survival estimates were calculated by diabetes status adjusted by age, stage, comorbidities, and cancer treatment, and stratified by cancer site and sex with whites without diabetes as the reference group. Black patients had the highest diabetes prevalence particularly among women. Risks of cancer deaths were increased across most cancer sites for patients with diabetes regardless of race. Among men the largest effect of having diabetes on cancer\u2010specific deaths were observed for black men diagnosed with Non\u2010Hodgkin lymphoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NHL<\/jats:styled-content>) (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.53, 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.33\u20101.76) and prostate cancer (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.37, 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.32\u20101.42). Diabetes prevalence was higher for black females compared to white females across all 14 cancer sites and higher for most sites when compared to white and black males. Among women the largest effect of having diabetes on cancer\u2010specific deaths were observed for black women diagnosed with corpus\/uterus cancer (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.66, 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.54\u20101.79), Hodgkin lymphoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.62, 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.02\u20102.56) and breast <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ER<\/jats:styled-content>+ (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.39, 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.32\u20101.47). The co\u2010occurrence of diabetes and cancer significantly increases the risk of cancer death. Our study suggests that these risks may vary by cancer site, and indicates the need for future research to address racial and sex disparities and enhance understanding how prevalent diabetes may affect cancer deaths.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,23]],"date-time":"2018-05-23T10:00:32Z","timestamp":1527069632000},"page":"3434-3444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Differences in cancer survival among white and black cancer patients by presence of diabetes mellitus: Estimations based on <scp>SEER<\/scp>\u2010Medicare\u2010linked data resource"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4534-7927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Lam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences National Cancer Institute  Rockville MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Cronin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences National Cancer Institute  Rockville MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Ballard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Disease Prevention Office of the Director National Institutes of Health  Rockville MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Mariotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences National Cancer Institute  Rockville MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.10029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","volume-title":"National Diabetes Statistics Report: Estimates of Diabetes and Its Burden in the United States, 2014","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Diabetes Public Health Resource website.http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/statistics\/prev\/national\/figraceethsex.htm. 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