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We examined cancer risk and especially bone tumor risk in a population\u2010based cohort study of 6874 patients treated with recombinant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GH<\/jats:styled-content> in France for isolated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GH<\/jats:styled-content> deficiency, short stature associated with low birth weight or length or idiopathic short stature. Adult mortality and morbidity data obtained from national databases and from questionnaires. Case ascertainment completeness was estimated with capture\u2010recapture methods. Standardized mortality and incidence ratios were calculated using national reference data. 111\u00a0875 person\u2010years of observation were analyzed and patients were followed for an average of 17.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.3\u00a0years to a mean age of 28.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.2\u00a0years. For cancer overall, mortality and incidence were not different from expected figures. Five patients developed bone tumors (chondrosarcoma, 1, Ewing sarcoma, 1, osteosarcoma, 3) of whom 3 died (Ewing sarcoma, 1, osteosarcoma, 2), whereas only 1.4 case and 0.6 deaths were expected: standardized mortality ratio, 5.0 and standardized incidence ratio from 3.5 to 3.8 accounting or not accounting for missed cases. Most patients received conventional doses of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GH<\/jats:styled-content>, although one patient with osteosarcoma had received high dose <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GH<\/jats:styled-content> (60\u00a0\u03bcg\/kg\/d). This study confirms an increased risk of bone tumors but not overall cancer risk in subjects treated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GH<\/jats:styled-content> in childhood for isolated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GH<\/jats:styled-content> deficiency or childhood short stature. Further work is needed to elucidate the mechanisms involved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,15]],"date-time":"2018-06-15T05:05:19Z","timestamp":1529039119000},"page":"3465-3473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Increased risk of bone tumors after growth hormone treatment in childhood: A population\u2010based cohort study in France"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Am\u00e9lie","family":"Poidvin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistance Publique\u2010H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP\u2010HP) H\u00f4pital Universitaire Robert\u2010Debr\u00e9 Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology Centre de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance  Paris France"},{"name":"PROTECT INSERM Universit\u00e9 Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cit\u00e9  Paris 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