{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T14:51:13Z","timestamp":1792248673419,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]],"date-time":"2019-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1CA209798"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1CA209798"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UO1CA164973"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UO1CA164973"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000048","name":"American Cancer Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RSG-16\u2013250-01-CPHPS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSG-16\u2013250-01-CPHPS"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000048","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007185","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32CA009142"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32CA009142"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007185","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    While disparity in pancreatic cancer incidence between blacks and whites has been observed, few studies have examined disparity in other ethnic minorities. We evaluated variations in pancreatic cancer incidence and assessed the extent to which known risk factors account for differences in pancreatic cancer risk among African Americans, Native Hawaiians, Japanese Americans, Latino Americans, and European Americans in the Multiethnic Cohort Study. Risk factor data were obtained from the baseline questionnaire. Cox regression was used to estimate the relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for pancreatic cancer associated with risk factors and ethnicity. During an average 16.9\u2010year follow\u2010up, 1,532 incident pancreatic cancer cases were identified among 184,559 at\u2010risk participants. Family history of pancreatic cancer (RR 1.97, 95% CI 1.50\u20102.58), diabetes (RR 1.32, 95% CI 1.14\u20101.54), body mass index \u226530\u00a0kg\/m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    (RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.08\u20101.46), current smoking (&lt;20 pack\u2010years RR 1.43, 95% CI 1.19\u20101.73; \u226520 pack\u2010years RR 1.76, 95% CI 1.46\u20102.12), and red meat intake (RR 1.17, 95% CI 1.00\u20101.36) were associated with pancreatic cancer. After adjustment for these risk factors, Native Hawaiians (RR 1.60, 95% CI 1.30\u20101.98), Japanese Americans (RR 1.33, 95% CI 1.15\u20101.54), and African Americans (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.01\u20101.42), but not Latino Americans (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.76\u20101.07), had a higher risk of pancreatic cancer compared to European Americans. Interethnic differences in pancreatic cancer risk are not fully explained by differences in the distribution of known risk factors. The greater risks in Native Hawaiians and Japanese Americans are new findings and elucidating the causes of these high rates may improve our understanding and prevention of pancreatic cancer.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.2209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]],"date-time":"2019-05-08T06:19:09Z","timestamp":1557296349000},"page":"3592-3603","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Interethnic differences in pancreatic cancer incidence and risk factors: The Multiethnic Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8645-5142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian Z.","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology UCLA Fielding School of Public Health Los Angeles California"},{"name":"Department of Research &amp; Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel O.","family":"Stram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loic","family":"Le Marchand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Program University of Hawaii Cancer Center Honolulu Hawaii"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher A.","family":"Haiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles California"},{"name":"Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynne R.","family":"Wilkens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Program University of Hawaii Cancer Center Honolulu Hawaii"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Pandol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center and Department of Veterans Affairs Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuo\u2010Feng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology UCLA Fielding School of Public Health Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristine R.","family":"Monroe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9239-5692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica Wendy","family":"Setiawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles California"},{"name":"Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21442"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-14-0155"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"853","article-title":"African\u2010Americans and indigenous peoples have increased burden of diseases of the exocrine pancreas: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"21","author":"Cervantes A","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000320068"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.01.068"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-200301000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20771"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-010-9512-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a010213"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a010214"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa033250"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"SAS macros for calculation of population attributable fraction in a cohort study design","volume":"43","author":"Laaksonen Virtala E","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601120"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdm123"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000323"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-09-0080"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20953"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-10-0231"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408449991349186"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-12-0912"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntq084"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01635581.2011.539311"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-6915(97)00162-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","unstructured":"Hawaii Tumor Registry University of Hawaii Cancer Center.Hawai\u2019i Cancer at a Glance.2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djt156"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-0210"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-0722"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1010539514548757"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcte.2015.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2043"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","first-page":"28","article-title":"Diabetes care in a predominantly native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander outpatient population","volume":"69","author":"Lee R","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hawaii Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0802000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g7371"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.429"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.522"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011824"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","first-page":"498659","article-title":"Genome\u2010wide association meta\u2010analysis identifies novel GP2 gene risk variants for pancreatic cancer in the Japanese population","author":"Lin Y","year":"2018","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-2993"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws458"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31551"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyx232"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6544a2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3792"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000941"}],"container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fcam4.2209","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cam4.2209","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cam4.2209","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cam4.2209","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T15:47:07Z","timestamp":1694360827000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cam4.2209"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cam4.2209"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cam4.2209","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-7634","2045-7634"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-7634","type":"print"},{"value":"2045-7634","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-02-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-04-12","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-05-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}