{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T03:35:23Z","timestamp":1789011323445,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]],"date-time":"2020-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Plasma cell myeloma (also called multiple myeloma), solitary plasmacytoma, and extramedullary plasmacytoma are primarily diseases of the elderly. Evidence suggests an association between excess body weight and multiple myeloma. Few population\u2010based studies have examined incidence and mortality of each site in one study. We analyzed incidence and death rates by site (solitary plasmacytoma, extramedullary plasmacytoma, and multiple myeloma) by gender, age, race\/ethnicity, and rural\u2010urban status among adult males and females (aged 20\u00a0years or older) in the United States during 2003\u20102016. Trends were characterized as average annual percentage change (AAPC) in rates. During 2003\u20102016, overall incidence rates among adults were 0.45 for solitary plasmacytoma, 0.09 for extramedullary plasmacytoma, and 8.47 for multiple myeloma per 100,000 persons. Incidence rates for multiple myeloma increased during 2003\u20102016 among non\u2010Hispanic whites (AAPC\u00a0=\u00a01.78%) and non\u2010Hispanic blacks (2.98%) 20\u201049\u00a0years of age; non\u2010Hispanic whites (1.17%) and non\u2010Hispanic blacks (1.24%) 50\u201059\u00a0years of age; and whites non\u2010Hispanic (0.91%), and non\u2010Hispanic blacks (0.96%). During 2003\u20102016 overall myeloma (extramedullary plasmacytoma and multiple myeloma) death rates among adults was 4.77 per 100,00 persons. Myeloma death rates decreased during 2003\u20102016 among non\u2010Hispanic white (AAPC\u00a0=\u00a0\u22121.23%) and Hispanic (\u22121.34%) women; and non\u2010Hispanic white (\u22120.74%), non\u2010Hispanic American Indian\/Alaska Native (\u22123.05%) men. The US population is projected to become older and will have a larger proportion of persons who have had an earlier and longer exposure to excess body weight. The potential impact of these population changes on myeloma incidence and mortality can be monitored with high\u2010quality cancer surveillance data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.3444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]],"date-time":"2020-12-03T17:24:32Z","timestamp":1607016272000},"page":"386-395","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Trends in solitary plasmacytoma, extramedullary plasmacytoma, and plasma cell myeloma incidence and myeloma mortality by racial\u2010ethnic group, United States 2003\u20102016"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5938-7719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taylor D.","family":"Ellington","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2420-306X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. Jane","family":"Henley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3252-9625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reda J.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manxia","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa C.","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21254"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2009.134"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-016-3015-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-12-194241"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.12935"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2017007609"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0426"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(18)30267-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1100\/2012\/895765"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20652"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2008.07421.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"203","article-title":"Plasma cell myeloma \u2013 20\u2010year comparative survival and mortality of three plasma cell myeloma ICD\u2010O\u20103 Oncologic phenotypes by age, sex, race, stage, cohort entry time\u2010period and disease duration: a systematic review of 111,041 cases for diagnosis years 1973\u20132014: (SEER*Stat 8.3.4)","volume":"47","author":"Milano AF","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Ins Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-07-298760"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","volume-title":"United States Cancer Statistics: 1999\u20132016. 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