{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T22:46:36Z","timestamp":1785797196071,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,22]],"date-time":"2020-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>To best employ radium\u2010223 dichloride (Ra\u2010223) for patients with castration\u2010resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and bone metastasis, we investigated the bone\u2010predominant status in patients treated with Ra\u2010223.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively evaluated 127 CRPC patients who underwent treatment with Ra\u2010223. The patients were divided into three groups based on the types of dynamic changes of bone metastasis between diagnosis and just before Ra\u2010223: (a) only known lesions; (b) de novo lesions; (c) new progressive lesions. We developed the risk assessment using predictive factors based on progression\u2010free survival (PFS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the median follow\u2010up period of 10.4\u00a0months, the median PFS in the only known lesions group was 11.3\u00a0months compared to 8.1\u00a0months in the de novo lesions group and 5.1\u00a0months in the new progressive lesions group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). In multivariate analysis, the type of the new progressive lesions in bone metastasis (HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.13\u20101.66, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.003), performance status of &gt;1 (HR 1.74, 95% CI 1.04\u20102.89, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.034), PSA value of &gt;100\u00a0ng\/mL (HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.02\u20102.50, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.043), and PSA doubling time (PSADT) of &lt;3\u00a0months (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.11\u20102.03, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.007) were independent unfavorable predictive factors for PFS. The risk assessment for PFS was highlighted when the type of dynamic changes of bone metastasis was combined with PSADT just before Ra\u2010223 treatment. This was associated with non\u2010bone metastasis progression, especially visceral metastasis, and overall survival.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Risk assessment in combination with dynamic changes of bone metastasis and PSADT determines the bone\u2010predominant metastasis type to benefit from Ra\u2010223.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.3459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]],"date-time":"2020-09-23T01:15:34Z","timestamp":1600823734000},"page":"8579-8588","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Dynamic changes of bone metastasis predict bone\u2010predominant status to benefit from radium\u2010223 dichloride for patients with castration\u2010resistant prostate cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0873-4642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kohei","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhide","family":"Miyoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation Yokohama City University Medical Center Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Shindo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masakazu","family":"Hori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasumasa","family":"Tsuboi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research University of Toyama Toyama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ko","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumimasa","family":"Fukuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiaki","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shintaro","family":"Miyamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Maehana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manabu","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naotaka","family":"Nishiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research University of Toyama Toyama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Yanase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Sunagawa City Medical Center Sunagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryuichi","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Muroran City General Hospital Muroran Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Hotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Asahikawa Redcross Hospital Asahikawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuharu","family":"Kunishima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Sunagawa City Medical Center Sunagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Hakodate Goryoukaku Hospital Hakodate Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiro","family":"Hinotsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koh\u2010ichi","family":"Sakata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kitamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research University of Toyama Toyama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroji","family":"Uemura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation Yokohama City University Medical Center 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Characteristics and completion of treatment in patients with metastatic castration\u2010resistant prostate cancer treated with radium\u2010223 in an International early access program","volume":"17","author":"Saad F","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Genitourin Cancer"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-018-5203-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-017-1176-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.116.178533","article-title":"68Ga\u2010PSMA\u201011 PET as a gatekeeper for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer with 223Ra: proof of concept","volume":"58","author":"Ahmadzadehfar H","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30860-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-019-01518-7"}],"container-title":["Cancer 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