{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T01:31:53Z","timestamp":1788485513577,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pleural effusion from patients with advanced non\u2010small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been proved valuable for molecular analysis, especially when the tissue sample not available. However, simultaneous detection of multiple driver gene alterations especially the fusions is still challenging.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, 77 patients with advanced NSCLC and pleural effusion were enrolled, 49 of whom had matched tumor tissues. Supernatants, cell sediments, and cell blocks were prepared from pleural effusion samples for detection of driver alterations by a PCR\u2010based 9\u2010gene mutation detection kit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mutations in <jats:italic>EGFR, KRAS<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>HER2<\/jats:italic> were detected in DNA and cfDNA, fusions in <jats:italic>ALK<\/jats:italic> was detected in RNA and cfRNA. Compared with matched tumor tissue, the supernatant showed the highest overall sensitivity (81.3%), with 81.5% for SNV\/Indels by cfDNA and 80% for fusions by cfRNA, followed by cell blocks (71.0%) and the cell sediments (66.7%). Within the group of treatment\u2010na\u00efve patients or malignant cells observed in the cell sediments, supernatant showed higher overall sensitivity (89.5% and 92.3%) with both 100% for fusions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>CfDNA and cfRNA derived from pleural effusion supernatant have been successfully tested with a PCR\u2010based multigene detection kit. Pleural effusion supernatant seems a preferred material for detection of multigene alterations to guide treatment decision of advanced NSCLC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.3769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T13:40:52Z","timestamp":1614778852000},"page":"2286-2292","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Multigene PCR using both cfDNA and cfRNA in the supernatant of pleural effusion achieves accurate and rapid detection of mutations and fusions of driver genes in patients with advanced NSCLC"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Xuejing","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis And Thoracic Tumor Research Institute Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis And Thoracic Tumor Research Institute Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zichen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis And Thoracic Tumor Research Institute Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Gai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department Amoy Diagnostics Co., Ltd. Xiamen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanshan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department Amoy Diagnostics Co., Ltd. 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