{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T20:23:08Z","timestamp":1748118188765,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype testing has limited utility to identify human immunodeficiency virus\u2010infected (HIV+) women's risk for developing cervical cancer (CC) due to high positivity rate of high\u2010risk (HR) HPVs. We investigated the accuracy of HPV testing in isolation\/in combination with CD4 and HIV viral load (VL) to identify HIV+ women at risk for developing CC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Study consisted of 344 HIV+ women on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), tested for cervical cytology\/HPV using the Cobas test and had data on absolute CD4 count and VL measurements. We calculated the positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of HPV testing, pre\u2010, post\u2010cART, and current CD4 and VL in isolation and in combinations to identify those with or free of higher than atypical squamous cells of unknown significance (ASCUS+) or low\u2010grade intraepithelial lesions (LSIL+).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>HPV test in combination with pre\u2010\/post\u2010cART or current CD4 counts and VL had higher PPVs compared to HPV test alone for identifying ASCUS+ or LSIL+. PPV of HPV\u2010CD4 combinations yielded higher PPVs compared to HPV\u2010VL combinations. The NPVs with pre\u2010, post\u2010cART, or current CD4 count and VL in isolation or in combinations were comparable to that of HPV test alone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results provide a more accurate tool for managing HIV+ women by combining Cobas HPV with CD4 and VL, especially those who had an undesirable pre\u2010cART CD4 and VL status. Our results also indicate the usefulness of CD4 and VL measurements to identify those at lower risk in the absence of HPV testing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.3785","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T12:13:26Z","timestamp":1613736806000},"page":"1900-1909","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The accuracy of HPV genotyping in isolation and in combination with CD4 and HIV viral load for the identification of HIV\u2010infected women at risk for developing cervical cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3857-7035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chandrika J.","family":"Piyathilake","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Sciences The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Birmingham AL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3342-2600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suguna","family":"Badiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Sciences The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Birmingham AL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Greer A.","family":"Burkholder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine\/Division of Infectious Diseases The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Birmingham AL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuko","family":"Harada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Birmingham AL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James L.","family":"Raper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine\/Division of Infectious Diseases The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Birmingham AL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081355"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/91.3.226"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-9378-6-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000222716.17186.9f"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.12.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)09028-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200304150-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","unstructured":"UN women.Facts and Figures HIV and AIDS.https:\/\/www.unwomen.org\/en\/what\u2010we\u2010do\/hiv\u2010and\u2010aids\/facts\u2010and\u2010figures. 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