{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T13:14:28Z","timestamp":1786713268389,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009592","name":"Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Z181100002218001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z181100002218001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009592","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81702587"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81702587"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mucin\u2010associated sialyl\u2010Tn (sTn) antigen is overexpressed and related with adverse outcome in breast cancer (BC). The role of sTn in BC has not been well defined in pathological nipple discharge (PND) cytology. The authors examined sTn immunocytochemistry (ICC) in PND to determine whether it could be a biomarker of malignancy or aggressive disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>PND was subjected to immunocytochemical staining for sTn antigen expression and thinprep cytology test (TCT) for enhancing the sensitivity and specificity. The examination data was compared with histological findings of subsequent biopsy specimens. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine which factors were most associated with malignant breast lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>PND specimens were collected including 120 cases of intraductal papilloma, 24 cases of hyperplasia, 45 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and 48 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). STn ICC differentiated BC from benign intraductal lesions with a low sensitivity of 41.9% and a high specificity of 95.8%, but increased in combination with TCT to 64.5% and 100%, respectively. A high degree of concordance was observed between the results of sTn expression in cell smears and histological specimens. Moreover, the sTn expression was strongly associated with HER2\u2010positive IDC (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.039). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that positive sTn expression (OR: 14.241, 95%CI: 2.574, 78.794, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.010) and accompanying mass (OR: 3.307, 95%CI: 1.073, 10.188, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.037) were statistically significant independent risk factors for malignant PND.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mucin\u2010associated sTn expression in PND cytology appears to be a reliable diagnostic marker for BC patients with the chief complaint of malignant nipple discharge and indicates a more aggressive behavior in IDC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.3793","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,21]],"date-time":"2021-02-21T00:23:08Z","timestamp":1613866988000},"page":"1783-1790","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Diagnostic value of sialyl\u2010Tn immunocytochemistry in breast cancer presenting with pathological nipple discharge"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5709-0188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Surgery Beijing Chao\u2010Yang Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Beijing Huairou Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Diao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Beijing Chao\u2010Yang Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Surgery Beijing Chao\u2010Yang Hospital Beijing 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